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Screening and management of thyroid dysfunction in preterm infants
Preterm infants can suffer various thyroid dysfunctions associated with developmental immaturity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, postnatal illness, medications, or iodine supply. The incidence of thyroid dysfunction among preterm infants is higher than that among term infants and has bee...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology
2019
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6449615/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30943675 http://dx.doi.org/10.6065/apem.2019.24.1.15 |
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author | Chung, Hye Rim |
author_facet | Chung, Hye Rim |
author_sort | Chung, Hye Rim |
collection | PubMed |
description | Preterm infants can suffer various thyroid dysfunctions associated with developmental immaturity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, postnatal illness, medications, or iodine supply. The incidence of thyroid dysfunction among preterm infants is higher than that among term infants and has been increasing with improvement in the survival of preterm infants. Hypothyroxinemia is frequently observed during the first week of life in extreme preterm neonates, and the incidence of delayed thyrotropin elevation is high at the age of 2–6 weeks. Although the necessity of routine rescreening remains controversial, recent guidelines on screening for congenital hypothyroidism have recommended rescreening of all preterm neonates. Thyroid hormone replacement is recommended for persistent thyrotropin elevation with or without hypothyroxinemia. Hypothyroxinemia without thyrotropin elevation does not require treatment, and some potential risks of levothyroxine supplementation have been reported. Although most thyroid dysfunctions are transient, careful follow-up after discontinuation of levothyroxine is considered so as to avoid missing persistent hypothyroidism. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6449615 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64496152019-04-10 Screening and management of thyroid dysfunction in preterm infants Chung, Hye Rim Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab Review Article Preterm infants can suffer various thyroid dysfunctions associated with developmental immaturity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, postnatal illness, medications, or iodine supply. The incidence of thyroid dysfunction among preterm infants is higher than that among term infants and has been increasing with improvement in the survival of preterm infants. Hypothyroxinemia is frequently observed during the first week of life in extreme preterm neonates, and the incidence of delayed thyrotropin elevation is high at the age of 2–6 weeks. Although the necessity of routine rescreening remains controversial, recent guidelines on screening for congenital hypothyroidism have recommended rescreening of all preterm neonates. Thyroid hormone replacement is recommended for persistent thyrotropin elevation with or without hypothyroxinemia. Hypothyroxinemia without thyrotropin elevation does not require treatment, and some potential risks of levothyroxine supplementation have been reported. Although most thyroid dysfunctions are transient, careful follow-up after discontinuation of levothyroxine is considered so as to avoid missing persistent hypothyroidism. Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology 2019-03 2019-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC6449615/ /pubmed/30943675 http://dx.doi.org/10.6065/apem.2019.24.1.15 Text en © 2019 Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Chung, Hye Rim Screening and management of thyroid dysfunction in preterm infants |
title | Screening and management of thyroid dysfunction in preterm infants |
title_full | Screening and management of thyroid dysfunction in preterm infants |
title_fullStr | Screening and management of thyroid dysfunction in preterm infants |
title_full_unstemmed | Screening and management of thyroid dysfunction in preterm infants |
title_short | Screening and management of thyroid dysfunction in preterm infants |
title_sort | screening and management of thyroid dysfunction in preterm infants |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6449615/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30943675 http://dx.doi.org/10.6065/apem.2019.24.1.15 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT chunghyerim screeningandmanagementofthyroiddysfunctioninpreterminfants |