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Mapping cultural tightness and its links to innovation, urbanization, and happiness across 31 provinces in China
We conduct a 3-y study involving 11,662 respondents to map cultural tightness—the degree to which a society is characterized by rules and norms and the extent to which people are punished or sanctioned when they deviate from these rules and norms—across 31 provinces in China. Consistent with prior r...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
National Academy of Sciences
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6452675/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30833399 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1815723116 |
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author | Chua, Roy Y. J. Huang, Kenneth G. Jin, Mengzi |
author_facet | Chua, Roy Y. J. Huang, Kenneth G. Jin, Mengzi |
author_sort | Chua, Roy Y. J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | We conduct a 3-y study involving 11,662 respondents to map cultural tightness—the degree to which a society is characterized by rules and norms and the extent to which people are punished or sanctioned when they deviate from these rules and norms—across 31 provinces in China. Consistent with prior research, we find that culturally tight provinces are associated with increased governmental control, constraints in daily life, religious practices, and exposure to threats. Departing from previous findings that tighter states are more rural, conservative, less creative, and less happy, cultural tightness in China is associated with urbanization, economic growth, better health, greater tolerance toward the LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) community, and gender equality. Further, analyzing about 3.85 million granted patents in China (1990–2013), we find that provinces with tighter cultures have lower rates of substantive/radical innovations yet higher rates of incremental innovations; individuals from culturally tighter provinces reported higher levels of experienced happiness. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6452675 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64526752019-04-11 Mapping cultural tightness and its links to innovation, urbanization, and happiness across 31 provinces in China Chua, Roy Y. J. Huang, Kenneth G. Jin, Mengzi Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Social Sciences We conduct a 3-y study involving 11,662 respondents to map cultural tightness—the degree to which a society is characterized by rules and norms and the extent to which people are punished or sanctioned when they deviate from these rules and norms—across 31 provinces in China. Consistent with prior research, we find that culturally tight provinces are associated with increased governmental control, constraints in daily life, religious practices, and exposure to threats. Departing from previous findings that tighter states are more rural, conservative, less creative, and less happy, cultural tightness in China is associated with urbanization, economic growth, better health, greater tolerance toward the LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) community, and gender equality. Further, analyzing about 3.85 million granted patents in China (1990–2013), we find that provinces with tighter cultures have lower rates of substantive/radical innovations yet higher rates of incremental innovations; individuals from culturally tighter provinces reported higher levels of experienced happiness. National Academy of Sciences 2019-04-02 2019-03-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6452675/ /pubmed/30833399 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1815723116 Text en Copyright © 2019 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Social Sciences Chua, Roy Y. J. Huang, Kenneth G. Jin, Mengzi Mapping cultural tightness and its links to innovation, urbanization, and happiness across 31 provinces in China |
title | Mapping cultural tightness and its links to innovation, urbanization, and happiness across 31 provinces in China |
title_full | Mapping cultural tightness and its links to innovation, urbanization, and happiness across 31 provinces in China |
title_fullStr | Mapping cultural tightness and its links to innovation, urbanization, and happiness across 31 provinces in China |
title_full_unstemmed | Mapping cultural tightness and its links to innovation, urbanization, and happiness across 31 provinces in China |
title_short | Mapping cultural tightness and its links to innovation, urbanization, and happiness across 31 provinces in China |
title_sort | mapping cultural tightness and its links to innovation, urbanization, and happiness across 31 provinces in china |
topic | Social Sciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6452675/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30833399 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1815723116 |
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