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The Spatiotemporal Pattern of the Human Electroencephalogram at Sleep Onset After a Period of Prolonged Wakefulness
During the sleep onset (SO) process, the human electroencephalogram (EEG) is characterized by an orchestrated pattern of spatiotemporal changes. Sleep deprivation (SD) strongly affects both wake and sleep EEG, but a description of the topographical EEG power spectra and oscillatory activity during t...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6456684/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31001079 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00312 |
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author | Gorgoni, Maurizio Bartolacci, Chiara D’Atri, Aurora Scarpelli, Serena Marzano, Cristina Moroni, Fabio Ferrara, Michele De Gennaro, Luigi |
author_facet | Gorgoni, Maurizio Bartolacci, Chiara D’Atri, Aurora Scarpelli, Serena Marzano, Cristina Moroni, Fabio Ferrara, Michele De Gennaro, Luigi |
author_sort | Gorgoni, Maurizio |
collection | PubMed |
description | During the sleep onset (SO) process, the human electroencephalogram (EEG) is characterized by an orchestrated pattern of spatiotemporal changes. Sleep deprivation (SD) strongly affects both wake and sleep EEG, but a description of the topographical EEG power spectra and oscillatory activity during the wake-sleep transition after a period of prolonged wakefulness is still missing. The increased homeostatic sleep pressure should induce an earlier onset of sleep-related EEG oscillations. The aim of the present study was to assess the spatiotemporal EEG pattern at SO following SD. A dataset of a previous study was analyzed. We assessed the spatiotemporal EEG changes (19 cortical derivations) during the SO (5 min before vs. 5 min after the first epoch of Stage 2) of a recovery night after 40 h of SD in 39 healthy subjects, analyzing the EEG power spectra (fast Fourier transform) and the oscillatory activity [better oscillation (BOSC) detection method]. The spatiotemporal pattern of the EEG power spectra mostly confirmed the changes previously observed during the wake-sleep transition at baseline. The comparison between baseline and recovery showed a wide increase of the post- vs. pre-SO ratio during the recovery night in the frequency bins ≤10 Hz. We found a predominant alpha oscillatory rhythm in the pre-SO period, while after SO the theta oscillatory activity was prevalent. The oscillatory peaks showed a generalized increase in all frequency bands from delta to sigma with different predominance, while beta activity increased only in the fronto-central midline derivations. Overall, the analysis of the EEG power replicated the topographical pattern observed during a baseline night of sleep but with a stronger intensity of the SO-induced changes in the frequencies ≤10 Hz, and the detection of the rhythmic activity showed the rise of several oscillations at SO after SD that was not observed during the wake-sleep transition at baseline (e.g., alpha and frontal theta in correspondence of their frequency peaks). Beyond confirming the local nature of the EEG pattern at SO, our results show that SD has an impact on the spatiotemporal modulation of cortical activity during the falling-asleep process, inducing the earlier emergence of sleep-related EEG oscillations. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6456684 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64566842019-04-18 The Spatiotemporal Pattern of the Human Electroencephalogram at Sleep Onset After a Period of Prolonged Wakefulness Gorgoni, Maurizio Bartolacci, Chiara D’Atri, Aurora Scarpelli, Serena Marzano, Cristina Moroni, Fabio Ferrara, Michele De Gennaro, Luigi Front Neurosci Neuroscience During the sleep onset (SO) process, the human electroencephalogram (EEG) is characterized by an orchestrated pattern of spatiotemporal changes. Sleep deprivation (SD) strongly affects both wake and sleep EEG, but a description of the topographical EEG power spectra and oscillatory activity during the wake-sleep transition after a period of prolonged wakefulness is still missing. The increased homeostatic sleep pressure should induce an earlier onset of sleep-related EEG oscillations. The aim of the present study was to assess the spatiotemporal EEG pattern at SO following SD. A dataset of a previous study was analyzed. We assessed the spatiotemporal EEG changes (19 cortical derivations) during the SO (5 min before vs. 5 min after the first epoch of Stage 2) of a recovery night after 40 h of SD in 39 healthy subjects, analyzing the EEG power spectra (fast Fourier transform) and the oscillatory activity [better oscillation (BOSC) detection method]. The spatiotemporal pattern of the EEG power spectra mostly confirmed the changes previously observed during the wake-sleep transition at baseline. The comparison between baseline and recovery showed a wide increase of the post- vs. pre-SO ratio during the recovery night in the frequency bins ≤10 Hz. We found a predominant alpha oscillatory rhythm in the pre-SO period, while after SO the theta oscillatory activity was prevalent. The oscillatory peaks showed a generalized increase in all frequency bands from delta to sigma with different predominance, while beta activity increased only in the fronto-central midline derivations. Overall, the analysis of the EEG power replicated the topographical pattern observed during a baseline night of sleep but with a stronger intensity of the SO-induced changes in the frequencies ≤10 Hz, and the detection of the rhythmic activity showed the rise of several oscillations at SO after SD that was not observed during the wake-sleep transition at baseline (e.g., alpha and frontal theta in correspondence of their frequency peaks). Beyond confirming the local nature of the EEG pattern at SO, our results show that SD has an impact on the spatiotemporal modulation of cortical activity during the falling-asleep process, inducing the earlier emergence of sleep-related EEG oscillations. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-04-03 /pmc/articles/PMC6456684/ /pubmed/31001079 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00312 Text en Copyright © 2019 Gorgoni, Bartolacci, D’Atri, Scarpelli, Marzano, Moroni, Ferrara and De Gennaro. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Gorgoni, Maurizio Bartolacci, Chiara D’Atri, Aurora Scarpelli, Serena Marzano, Cristina Moroni, Fabio Ferrara, Michele De Gennaro, Luigi The Spatiotemporal Pattern of the Human Electroencephalogram at Sleep Onset After a Period of Prolonged Wakefulness |
title | The Spatiotemporal Pattern of the Human Electroencephalogram at Sleep Onset After a Period of Prolonged Wakefulness |
title_full | The Spatiotemporal Pattern of the Human Electroencephalogram at Sleep Onset After a Period of Prolonged Wakefulness |
title_fullStr | The Spatiotemporal Pattern of the Human Electroencephalogram at Sleep Onset After a Period of Prolonged Wakefulness |
title_full_unstemmed | The Spatiotemporal Pattern of the Human Electroencephalogram at Sleep Onset After a Period of Prolonged Wakefulness |
title_short | The Spatiotemporal Pattern of the Human Electroencephalogram at Sleep Onset After a Period of Prolonged Wakefulness |
title_sort | spatiotemporal pattern of the human electroencephalogram at sleep onset after a period of prolonged wakefulness |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6456684/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31001079 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00312 |
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