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The diverse echinostomes from East Africa: With a focus on species that use Biomphalaria and Bulinus as intermediate hosts

Echinostomes are a diverse group of digenetic trematodes that are globally distributed. The diversity of echinostomes in Africa remains largely unknown, particularly in analyses using molecular markers. Therefore, we were interested in the composition and host usage patterns of African echinostomes,...

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Autores principales: Laidemitt, Martina R., Brant, Sara V., Mutuku, Martin W., Mkoji, Gerald M., Loker, Eric S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6461134/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30710531
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.01.025
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author Laidemitt, Martina R.
Brant, Sara V.
Mutuku, Martin W.
Mkoji, Gerald M.
Loker, Eric S.
author_facet Laidemitt, Martina R.
Brant, Sara V.
Mutuku, Martin W.
Mkoji, Gerald M.
Loker, Eric S.
author_sort Laidemitt, Martina R.
collection PubMed
description Echinostomes are a diverse group of digenetic trematodes that are globally distributed. The diversity of echinostomes in Africa remains largely unknown, particularly in analyses using molecular markers. Therefore, we were interested in the composition and host usage patterns of African echinostomes, especially those that also use schistosome transmitting snails as intermediate hosts. We collected adults and larval stages of echinostomes from 19 different localities in East Africa (1 locality in Uganda and 18 in Kenya). In this study we provide locality information, host use, museum vouchers, and genetic data for two loci (28S and nad1) from 98 samples of echinostomes from East Africa. Combining morphological features, host use information, and phylogenetic analyses we found 17 clades of echinostomes in East Africa. Four clades were found to use more than one genus of freshwater snails as their first intermediate hosts. We also determined at least partial life cycles (2 of the 3) of four clades using molecular markers. Of the 17 clades, 13 use Biomphalaria or Bulinus as a first intermediate host. The overlap in host usage creates opportunities for competition, including against human schistosomes. Thus, our study can be used as a foundation for future studies to ascertain the interactions between schistosomes and echinostomes in their respective intermediate hosts.
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spelling pubmed-64611342019-05-01 The diverse echinostomes from East Africa: With a focus on species that use Biomphalaria and Bulinus as intermediate hosts Laidemitt, Martina R. Brant, Sara V. Mutuku, Martin W. Mkoji, Gerald M. Loker, Eric S. Acta Trop Article Echinostomes are a diverse group of digenetic trematodes that are globally distributed. The diversity of echinostomes in Africa remains largely unknown, particularly in analyses using molecular markers. Therefore, we were interested in the composition and host usage patterns of African echinostomes, especially those that also use schistosome transmitting snails as intermediate hosts. We collected adults and larval stages of echinostomes from 19 different localities in East Africa (1 locality in Uganda and 18 in Kenya). In this study we provide locality information, host use, museum vouchers, and genetic data for two loci (28S and nad1) from 98 samples of echinostomes from East Africa. Combining morphological features, host use information, and phylogenetic analyses we found 17 clades of echinostomes in East Africa. Four clades were found to use more than one genus of freshwater snails as their first intermediate hosts. We also determined at least partial life cycles (2 of the 3) of four clades using molecular markers. Of the 17 clades, 13 use Biomphalaria or Bulinus as a first intermediate host. The overlap in host usage creates opportunities for competition, including against human schistosomes. Thus, our study can be used as a foundation for future studies to ascertain the interactions between schistosomes and echinostomes in their respective intermediate hosts. Elsevier 2019-05 /pmc/articles/PMC6461134/ /pubmed/30710531 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.01.025 Text en © 2019 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Laidemitt, Martina R.
Brant, Sara V.
Mutuku, Martin W.
Mkoji, Gerald M.
Loker, Eric S.
The diverse echinostomes from East Africa: With a focus on species that use Biomphalaria and Bulinus as intermediate hosts
title The diverse echinostomes from East Africa: With a focus on species that use Biomphalaria and Bulinus as intermediate hosts
title_full The diverse echinostomes from East Africa: With a focus on species that use Biomphalaria and Bulinus as intermediate hosts
title_fullStr The diverse echinostomes from East Africa: With a focus on species that use Biomphalaria and Bulinus as intermediate hosts
title_full_unstemmed The diverse echinostomes from East Africa: With a focus on species that use Biomphalaria and Bulinus as intermediate hosts
title_short The diverse echinostomes from East Africa: With a focus on species that use Biomphalaria and Bulinus as intermediate hosts
title_sort diverse echinostomes from east africa: with a focus on species that use biomphalaria and bulinus as intermediate hosts
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6461134/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30710531
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.01.025
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