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Chronic Alcohol Drinking Slows Brain Development in Adolescent and Young Adult Nonhuman Primates

The transition from adolescence to adulthood is associated with brain remodeling in the final stages of developmental growth. It is also a period when a large proportion of this age group engages in binge alcohol drinking (occasional consumption of four to five drinks leading to intoxication) and he...

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Autores principales: Shnitko, Tatiana A., Liu, Zheng, Wang, Xiaojie, Grant, Kathleen A., Kroenke, Christopher D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Society for Neuroscience 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6464511/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30993181
http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0044-19.2019
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author Shnitko, Tatiana A.
Liu, Zheng
Wang, Xiaojie
Grant, Kathleen A.
Kroenke, Christopher D.
author_facet Shnitko, Tatiana A.
Liu, Zheng
Wang, Xiaojie
Grant, Kathleen A.
Kroenke, Christopher D.
author_sort Shnitko, Tatiana A.
collection PubMed
description The transition from adolescence to adulthood is associated with brain remodeling in the final stages of developmental growth. It is also a period when a large proportion of this age group engages in binge alcohol drinking (occasional consumption of four to five drinks leading to intoxication) and heavy alcohol drinking (binge drinking on ≥5 d in a month). Here we report on magnetic resonance imaging of developmental changes in the brain occurring during late adolescence and early adulthood (3.5–7.5 years of age) in a rhesus macaque model of alcohol self-administration. Monkeys were imaged prior to alcohol exposure, and following ∼6 and ∼12 months of daily (22 h/d) access to ethanol and water. The results revealed that the brain volume increases by 1 ml/1.87 years throughout the late adolescence and early adulthood in controls. Heavy alcohol drinking reduced the rate of brain growth by 0.25 ml/year per 1 g/kg daily ethanol. Cortical volume increased throughout this period with no significant effect of alcohol drinking on the cortical growth rate. In subcortical regions, age-dependent increases in the volumes of globus pallidus, thalamus, brainstem, and cerebellum were observed. Heavy drinking attenuated the growth rate of the thalamus. Thus, developmental brain volume changes in the span of late adolescence to young adulthood in macaques is altered by excessive alcohol, an insult that may be linked to the continuation of heavy drinking throughout later adult life.
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spelling pubmed-64645112019-04-16 Chronic Alcohol Drinking Slows Brain Development in Adolescent and Young Adult Nonhuman Primates Shnitko, Tatiana A. Liu, Zheng Wang, Xiaojie Grant, Kathleen A. Kroenke, Christopher D. eNeuro New Research The transition from adolescence to adulthood is associated with brain remodeling in the final stages of developmental growth. It is also a period when a large proportion of this age group engages in binge alcohol drinking (occasional consumption of four to five drinks leading to intoxication) and heavy alcohol drinking (binge drinking on ≥5 d in a month). Here we report on magnetic resonance imaging of developmental changes in the brain occurring during late adolescence and early adulthood (3.5–7.5 years of age) in a rhesus macaque model of alcohol self-administration. Monkeys were imaged prior to alcohol exposure, and following ∼6 and ∼12 months of daily (22 h/d) access to ethanol and water. The results revealed that the brain volume increases by 1 ml/1.87 years throughout the late adolescence and early adulthood in controls. Heavy alcohol drinking reduced the rate of brain growth by 0.25 ml/year per 1 g/kg daily ethanol. Cortical volume increased throughout this period with no significant effect of alcohol drinking on the cortical growth rate. In subcortical regions, age-dependent increases in the volumes of globus pallidus, thalamus, brainstem, and cerebellum were observed. Heavy drinking attenuated the growth rate of the thalamus. Thus, developmental brain volume changes in the span of late adolescence to young adulthood in macaques is altered by excessive alcohol, an insult that may be linked to the continuation of heavy drinking throughout later adult life. Society for Neuroscience 2019-04-09 /pmc/articles/PMC6464511/ /pubmed/30993181 http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0044-19.2019 Text en Copyright © 2019 Shnitko et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.
spellingShingle New Research
Shnitko, Tatiana A.
Liu, Zheng
Wang, Xiaojie
Grant, Kathleen A.
Kroenke, Christopher D.
Chronic Alcohol Drinking Slows Brain Development in Adolescent and Young Adult Nonhuman Primates
title Chronic Alcohol Drinking Slows Brain Development in Adolescent and Young Adult Nonhuman Primates
title_full Chronic Alcohol Drinking Slows Brain Development in Adolescent and Young Adult Nonhuman Primates
title_fullStr Chronic Alcohol Drinking Slows Brain Development in Adolescent and Young Adult Nonhuman Primates
title_full_unstemmed Chronic Alcohol Drinking Slows Brain Development in Adolescent and Young Adult Nonhuman Primates
title_short Chronic Alcohol Drinking Slows Brain Development in Adolescent and Young Adult Nonhuman Primates
title_sort chronic alcohol drinking slows brain development in adolescent and young adult nonhuman primates
topic New Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6464511/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30993181
http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0044-19.2019
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