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Gender Identity: The Human Right of Depathologization

Background: Transgender people have a gender identity different from the one allocated to them at birth. In many countries, transsexualism and transgenderism are considered mental illnesses under the diagnosis of gender dysphoria. This pathologization impacts on human rights. Main content: The Unite...

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Autores principales: Castro-Peraza, Maria Elisa, García-Acosta, Jesús Manuel, Delgado, Naira, Perdomo-Hernández, Ana María, Sosa-Alvarez, Maria Inmaculada, Llabrés-Solé, Rosa, Lorenzo-Rocha, Nieves Doria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6466167/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30889934
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16060978
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author Castro-Peraza, Maria Elisa
García-Acosta, Jesús Manuel
Delgado, Naira
Perdomo-Hernández, Ana María
Sosa-Alvarez, Maria Inmaculada
Llabrés-Solé, Rosa
Lorenzo-Rocha, Nieves Doria
author_facet Castro-Peraza, Maria Elisa
García-Acosta, Jesús Manuel
Delgado, Naira
Perdomo-Hernández, Ana María
Sosa-Alvarez, Maria Inmaculada
Llabrés-Solé, Rosa
Lorenzo-Rocha, Nieves Doria
author_sort Castro-Peraza, Maria Elisa
collection PubMed
description Background: Transgender people have a gender identity different from the one allocated to them at birth. In many countries, transsexualism and transgenderism are considered mental illnesses under the diagnosis of gender dysphoria. This pathologization impacts on human rights. Main content: The United Nations (UN) has denounced violations against trans-people, including attacks, forced medical treatments, lack of legal gender recognition, and discrimination in the areas of education, employment, access to healthcare, and justice. The UN has linked these violations directly with discriminatory diagnostic classifications that pathologize gender diversity. Trans-people have been pathologized by psycho-medical classification and laws all around the world, with a different impact depending on countries. This paper argues that pathologization infringes infringes upon a wide range of human rights such as; civil, economic, social cultural and also the access to medical care. Conclusions: The current situation for trans-people with respect to legal healthcare matters, depends on the country. Human rights are universal, not a question for cultural interpretation. They are the minimum that every human being must have assured only by the fact of being human. Countries must protect these rights by regulating trans-pathologization with special attention dedicated to intersex people and their specific needs.
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spelling pubmed-64661672019-04-22 Gender Identity: The Human Right of Depathologization Castro-Peraza, Maria Elisa García-Acosta, Jesús Manuel Delgado, Naira Perdomo-Hernández, Ana María Sosa-Alvarez, Maria Inmaculada Llabrés-Solé, Rosa Lorenzo-Rocha, Nieves Doria Int J Environ Res Public Health Discussion Background: Transgender people have a gender identity different from the one allocated to them at birth. In many countries, transsexualism and transgenderism are considered mental illnesses under the diagnosis of gender dysphoria. This pathologization impacts on human rights. Main content: The United Nations (UN) has denounced violations against trans-people, including attacks, forced medical treatments, lack of legal gender recognition, and discrimination in the areas of education, employment, access to healthcare, and justice. The UN has linked these violations directly with discriminatory diagnostic classifications that pathologize gender diversity. Trans-people have been pathologized by psycho-medical classification and laws all around the world, with a different impact depending on countries. This paper argues that pathologization infringes infringes upon a wide range of human rights such as; civil, economic, social cultural and also the access to medical care. Conclusions: The current situation for trans-people with respect to legal healthcare matters, depends on the country. Human rights are universal, not a question for cultural interpretation. They are the minimum that every human being must have assured only by the fact of being human. Countries must protect these rights by regulating trans-pathologization with special attention dedicated to intersex people and their specific needs. MDPI 2019-03-18 2019-03 /pmc/articles/PMC6466167/ /pubmed/30889934 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16060978 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Discussion
Castro-Peraza, Maria Elisa
García-Acosta, Jesús Manuel
Delgado, Naira
Perdomo-Hernández, Ana María
Sosa-Alvarez, Maria Inmaculada
Llabrés-Solé, Rosa
Lorenzo-Rocha, Nieves Doria
Gender Identity: The Human Right of Depathologization
title Gender Identity: The Human Right of Depathologization
title_full Gender Identity: The Human Right of Depathologization
title_fullStr Gender Identity: The Human Right of Depathologization
title_full_unstemmed Gender Identity: The Human Right of Depathologization
title_short Gender Identity: The Human Right of Depathologization
title_sort gender identity: the human right of depathologization
topic Discussion
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6466167/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30889934
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16060978
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