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Celebrating 40 Years of Ironman: How the Champions Perform
We aimed to determine which discipline had the greater performance improvements in the history of Ironman triathlon in Hawaii and also which discipline had the greater influence in overall race time. Data from 1983 to 2018 of the top three women and men of each year who competed in the Ironman World...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6466240/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30897812 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16061019 |
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author | Barbosa, Lucas Pinheiro Sousa, Caio Victor Sales, Marcelo Magalhães Olher, Rafael dos Reis Aguiar, Samuel Silva Santos, Patrick Anderson Tiozzo, Eduard Simões, Herbert Gustavo Nikolaidis, Pantelis Theodoros Knechtle, Beat |
author_facet | Barbosa, Lucas Pinheiro Sousa, Caio Victor Sales, Marcelo Magalhães Olher, Rafael dos Reis Aguiar, Samuel Silva Santos, Patrick Anderson Tiozzo, Eduard Simões, Herbert Gustavo Nikolaidis, Pantelis Theodoros Knechtle, Beat |
author_sort | Barbosa, Lucas Pinheiro |
collection | PubMed |
description | We aimed to determine which discipline had the greater performance improvements in the history of Ironman triathlon in Hawaii and also which discipline had the greater influence in overall race time. Data from 1983 to 2018 of the top three women and men of each year who competed in the Ironman World Championship were included. In addition to exploratory data analyses, linear regressions between split times and years of achievement were performed. Further, a stepwise multiple linear regression was applied using total race time as the dependent variable and split times as the independent variables. Both women and men significantly improved their performances from 1983 to 2018 in the Ironman World Championship. Swimming had the largest difference in improvements between men and women (3.0% versus 12.1%, respectively). A negative and significant decrease in each discipline was identified for both women and men, with cycling being the discipline with the greatest reduction. The results from the stepwise multiple regression indicated that cycling was the discipline with the highest influence on overall race time for both sexes. Based on the findings of this study, cycling seems to be the Ironman triathlon discipline that most improved overall race times and is also the discipline with the greatest influence on the overall race time of elite men and women in the Ironman World Championship. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6466240 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64662402019-04-22 Celebrating 40 Years of Ironman: How the Champions Perform Barbosa, Lucas Pinheiro Sousa, Caio Victor Sales, Marcelo Magalhães Olher, Rafael dos Reis Aguiar, Samuel Silva Santos, Patrick Anderson Tiozzo, Eduard Simões, Herbert Gustavo Nikolaidis, Pantelis Theodoros Knechtle, Beat Int J Environ Res Public Health Article We aimed to determine which discipline had the greater performance improvements in the history of Ironman triathlon in Hawaii and also which discipline had the greater influence in overall race time. Data from 1983 to 2018 of the top three women and men of each year who competed in the Ironman World Championship were included. In addition to exploratory data analyses, linear regressions between split times and years of achievement were performed. Further, a stepwise multiple linear regression was applied using total race time as the dependent variable and split times as the independent variables. Both women and men significantly improved their performances from 1983 to 2018 in the Ironman World Championship. Swimming had the largest difference in improvements between men and women (3.0% versus 12.1%, respectively). A negative and significant decrease in each discipline was identified for both women and men, with cycling being the discipline with the greatest reduction. The results from the stepwise multiple regression indicated that cycling was the discipline with the highest influence on overall race time for both sexes. Based on the findings of this study, cycling seems to be the Ironman triathlon discipline that most improved overall race times and is also the discipline with the greatest influence on the overall race time of elite men and women in the Ironman World Championship. MDPI 2019-03-20 2019-03 /pmc/articles/PMC6466240/ /pubmed/30897812 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16061019 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Barbosa, Lucas Pinheiro Sousa, Caio Victor Sales, Marcelo Magalhães Olher, Rafael dos Reis Aguiar, Samuel Silva Santos, Patrick Anderson Tiozzo, Eduard Simões, Herbert Gustavo Nikolaidis, Pantelis Theodoros Knechtle, Beat Celebrating 40 Years of Ironman: How the Champions Perform |
title | Celebrating 40 Years of Ironman: How the Champions Perform |
title_full | Celebrating 40 Years of Ironman: How the Champions Perform |
title_fullStr | Celebrating 40 Years of Ironman: How the Champions Perform |
title_full_unstemmed | Celebrating 40 Years of Ironman: How the Champions Perform |
title_short | Celebrating 40 Years of Ironman: How the Champions Perform |
title_sort | celebrating 40 years of ironman: how the champions perform |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6466240/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30897812 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16061019 |
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