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Cat and Mouse: HIV Transcription in Latency, Immune Evasion and Cure/Remission Strategies
There is broad scientific and societal consensus that finding a cure for HIV infection must be pursued. The major barrier to achieving a cure for HIV/AIDS is the capacity of the HIV virus to avoid both immune surveillance and current antiretroviral therapy (ART) by rapidly establishing latently infe...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6466452/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30889861 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11030269 |
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author | Delannoy, Aurélie Poirier, Mikaël Bell, Brendan |
author_facet | Delannoy, Aurélie Poirier, Mikaël Bell, Brendan |
author_sort | Delannoy, Aurélie |
collection | PubMed |
description | There is broad scientific and societal consensus that finding a cure for HIV infection must be pursued. The major barrier to achieving a cure for HIV/AIDS is the capacity of the HIV virus to avoid both immune surveillance and current antiretroviral therapy (ART) by rapidly establishing latently infected cell populations, termed latent reservoirs. Here, we provide an overview of the rapidly evolving field of HIV cure/remission research, highlighting recent progress and ongoing challenges in the understanding of HIV reservoirs, the role of HIV transcription in latency and immune evasion. We review the major approaches towards a cure that are currently being explored and further argue that small molecules that inhibit HIV transcription, and therefore uncouple HIV gene expression from signals sent by the host immune response, might be a particularly promising approach to attain a cure or remission. We emphasize that a better understanding of the game of “cat and mouse” between the host immune system and the HIV virus is a crucial knowledge gap to be filled in both cure and vaccine research. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6466452 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64664522019-04-18 Cat and Mouse: HIV Transcription in Latency, Immune Evasion and Cure/Remission Strategies Delannoy, Aurélie Poirier, Mikaël Bell, Brendan Viruses Review There is broad scientific and societal consensus that finding a cure for HIV infection must be pursued. The major barrier to achieving a cure for HIV/AIDS is the capacity of the HIV virus to avoid both immune surveillance and current antiretroviral therapy (ART) by rapidly establishing latently infected cell populations, termed latent reservoirs. Here, we provide an overview of the rapidly evolving field of HIV cure/remission research, highlighting recent progress and ongoing challenges in the understanding of HIV reservoirs, the role of HIV transcription in latency and immune evasion. We review the major approaches towards a cure that are currently being explored and further argue that small molecules that inhibit HIV transcription, and therefore uncouple HIV gene expression from signals sent by the host immune response, might be a particularly promising approach to attain a cure or remission. We emphasize that a better understanding of the game of “cat and mouse” between the host immune system and the HIV virus is a crucial knowledge gap to be filled in both cure and vaccine research. MDPI 2019-03-18 /pmc/articles/PMC6466452/ /pubmed/30889861 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11030269 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Delannoy, Aurélie Poirier, Mikaël Bell, Brendan Cat and Mouse: HIV Transcription in Latency, Immune Evasion and Cure/Remission Strategies |
title | Cat and Mouse: HIV Transcription in Latency, Immune Evasion and Cure/Remission Strategies |
title_full | Cat and Mouse: HIV Transcription in Latency, Immune Evasion and Cure/Remission Strategies |
title_fullStr | Cat and Mouse: HIV Transcription in Latency, Immune Evasion and Cure/Remission Strategies |
title_full_unstemmed | Cat and Mouse: HIV Transcription in Latency, Immune Evasion and Cure/Remission Strategies |
title_short | Cat and Mouse: HIV Transcription in Latency, Immune Evasion and Cure/Remission Strategies |
title_sort | cat and mouse: hiv transcription in latency, immune evasion and cure/remission strategies |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6466452/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30889861 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11030269 |
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