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Iodine Status in the Colombian Population and the Impact of Universal Salt Iodization: A Double-Edged Sword?

Iodine deficiency and iodine excess have severe consequences on human health and have been associated with the presence of goiter, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroid cancer, thyroid nodules and thyroid autoimmunity, poor mental health, and impaired intellectual development. Universal salt iodi...

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Autores principales: Vargas-Uricoechea, Hernando, Pinzón-Fernández, María Virginia, Bastidas-Sánchez, Beatriz Eugenia, Jojoa-Tobar, Elisa, Ramírez-Bejarano, Luis Eduardo, Murillo-Palacios, Julián
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6466914/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31061736
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6239243
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author Vargas-Uricoechea, Hernando
Pinzón-Fernández, María Virginia
Bastidas-Sánchez, Beatriz Eugenia
Jojoa-Tobar, Elisa
Ramírez-Bejarano, Luis Eduardo
Murillo-Palacios, Julián
author_facet Vargas-Uricoechea, Hernando
Pinzón-Fernández, María Virginia
Bastidas-Sánchez, Beatriz Eugenia
Jojoa-Tobar, Elisa
Ramírez-Bejarano, Luis Eduardo
Murillo-Palacios, Julián
author_sort Vargas-Uricoechea, Hernando
collection PubMed
description Iodine deficiency and iodine excess have severe consequences on human health and have been associated with the presence of goiter, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroid cancer, thyroid nodules and thyroid autoimmunity, poor mental health, and impaired intellectual development. Universal salt iodization programs have been considered one of the most cost-effective interventions for the prevention of iodine deficiency-associated disorders, as evidenced over time since the implementation of such programs. However, these efforts have also led to an excessive consumption of iodine in certain geographical regions, due to salt overuse. Consequently, the amount of iodine derived from salt intake exceeds the established limits required for achieving the right balance between salt consumption and health benefits and leads to undesirable health effects. In Colombia, the recommendations and standards for the production and commercialization of iodized salt are fully complied with. Nevertheless, there is a remarkable rate of iodine excess among the country's population, which, at least hypothetically, represents a higher risk for developing functional and structural disorders of the thyroid gland. This review analyzes universal salt iodization programs worldwide, particularly their impact on the thyroid gland and the results of the studies conducted in Colombia following the implementation of such strategy.
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spelling pubmed-64669142019-05-06 Iodine Status in the Colombian Population and the Impact of Universal Salt Iodization: A Double-Edged Sword? Vargas-Uricoechea, Hernando Pinzón-Fernández, María Virginia Bastidas-Sánchez, Beatriz Eugenia Jojoa-Tobar, Elisa Ramírez-Bejarano, Luis Eduardo Murillo-Palacios, Julián J Nutr Metab Review Article Iodine deficiency and iodine excess have severe consequences on human health and have been associated with the presence of goiter, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroid cancer, thyroid nodules and thyroid autoimmunity, poor mental health, and impaired intellectual development. Universal salt iodization programs have been considered one of the most cost-effective interventions for the prevention of iodine deficiency-associated disorders, as evidenced over time since the implementation of such programs. However, these efforts have also led to an excessive consumption of iodine in certain geographical regions, due to salt overuse. Consequently, the amount of iodine derived from salt intake exceeds the established limits required for achieving the right balance between salt consumption and health benefits and leads to undesirable health effects. In Colombia, the recommendations and standards for the production and commercialization of iodized salt are fully complied with. Nevertheless, there is a remarkable rate of iodine excess among the country's population, which, at least hypothetically, represents a higher risk for developing functional and structural disorders of the thyroid gland. This review analyzes universal salt iodization programs worldwide, particularly their impact on the thyroid gland and the results of the studies conducted in Colombia following the implementation of such strategy. Hindawi 2019-04-01 /pmc/articles/PMC6466914/ /pubmed/31061736 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6239243 Text en Copyright © 2019 Hernando Vargas-Uricoechea et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Vargas-Uricoechea, Hernando
Pinzón-Fernández, María Virginia
Bastidas-Sánchez, Beatriz Eugenia
Jojoa-Tobar, Elisa
Ramírez-Bejarano, Luis Eduardo
Murillo-Palacios, Julián
Iodine Status in the Colombian Population and the Impact of Universal Salt Iodization: A Double-Edged Sword?
title Iodine Status in the Colombian Population and the Impact of Universal Salt Iodization: A Double-Edged Sword?
title_full Iodine Status in the Colombian Population and the Impact of Universal Salt Iodization: A Double-Edged Sword?
title_fullStr Iodine Status in the Colombian Population and the Impact of Universal Salt Iodization: A Double-Edged Sword?
title_full_unstemmed Iodine Status in the Colombian Population and the Impact of Universal Salt Iodization: A Double-Edged Sword?
title_short Iodine Status in the Colombian Population and the Impact of Universal Salt Iodization: A Double-Edged Sword?
title_sort iodine status in the colombian population and the impact of universal salt iodization: a double-edged sword?
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6466914/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31061736
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6239243
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