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Leptospirosis and Workplace Environmental Risk Factors among Cattle Farmers in Northeastern Malaysia

BACKGROUND: Leptospirosis is an emerging zoonosis and its occurrence has been reported to be rising globally. The environment plays an important role in the survival of Leptospira and determines the risk of infection. Those who were exposed to and had contact with contaminated environment through th...

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Autores principales: binti Daud, Aziah, Mohd Fuzi, Nik Mohd Hafiz, Wan Mohammad, Wan Mohd Zahiruddin, Amran, Fairuz, Ismail, Nabilah, Mokhtar Arshad, Mohd, Kamarudin, Suratan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Shiraz: NIOC Health Organization 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6466985/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29667646
http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/ijoem.2018.1164
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author binti Daud, Aziah
Mohd Fuzi, Nik Mohd Hafiz
Wan Mohammad, Wan Mohd Zahiruddin
Amran, Fairuz
Ismail, Nabilah
Mokhtar Arshad, Mohd
Kamarudin, Suratan
author_facet binti Daud, Aziah
Mohd Fuzi, Nik Mohd Hafiz
Wan Mohammad, Wan Mohd Zahiruddin
Amran, Fairuz
Ismail, Nabilah
Mokhtar Arshad, Mohd
Kamarudin, Suratan
author_sort binti Daud, Aziah
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Leptospirosis is an emerging zoonosis and its occurrence has been reported to be rising globally. The environment plays an important role in the survival of Leptospira and determines the risk of infection. Those who were exposed to and had contact with contaminated environment through their occupational, recreational and other activities can be infected with the organism. OBJECTIVE: To determine the seroprevalence of leptospirosis among cattle farmers, prevalence of pathogenic Leptospira, and the workplace environmental risk factors for leptospirosis among cattle farmers in northeastern Malaysia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 120 cattle farmers was conducted. The participants answered an interviewer-guided questionnaire that consisted of sociodemographic and workplace environment characteristics questionnaire, before having their blood sample taken for microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Seropositivity was determined using a cut-off titer of ≥1:100. 248 environmental samples were also collected from the cattle farms for polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: The overall seroprevalence of leptospiral antibodies was 72.5% (95% CI 63.5% to 80.1%) and the prevalence of pathogenic Leptospira in the cattle farms environment was 12.1% (95% CI 8.4% to 17.0%). The independent factors associated with seropositivity of leptospirosis among cattle farmers were positive pathogenic Leptospira in the environment (Adj OR 5.90, 95% CI 1.34 to 26.01) and presence of garbage dumping in the farm (Adj OR 2.40, 95% CI 1.02 to 5.65). CONCLUSION: Preventing leptospirosis incidence among cattle farmers necessitates changes in work environment. Identifying modifiable factors may also contribute to the reduction of infection.
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spelling pubmed-64669852019-05-28 Leptospirosis and Workplace Environmental Risk Factors among Cattle Farmers in Northeastern Malaysia binti Daud, Aziah Mohd Fuzi, Nik Mohd Hafiz Wan Mohammad, Wan Mohd Zahiruddin Amran, Fairuz Ismail, Nabilah Mokhtar Arshad, Mohd Kamarudin, Suratan Int J Occup Environ Med Original Article BACKGROUND: Leptospirosis is an emerging zoonosis and its occurrence has been reported to be rising globally. The environment plays an important role in the survival of Leptospira and determines the risk of infection. Those who were exposed to and had contact with contaminated environment through their occupational, recreational and other activities can be infected with the organism. OBJECTIVE: To determine the seroprevalence of leptospirosis among cattle farmers, prevalence of pathogenic Leptospira, and the workplace environmental risk factors for leptospirosis among cattle farmers in northeastern Malaysia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 120 cattle farmers was conducted. The participants answered an interviewer-guided questionnaire that consisted of sociodemographic and workplace environment characteristics questionnaire, before having their blood sample taken for microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Seropositivity was determined using a cut-off titer of ≥1:100. 248 environmental samples were also collected from the cattle farms for polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: The overall seroprevalence of leptospiral antibodies was 72.5% (95% CI 63.5% to 80.1%) and the prevalence of pathogenic Leptospira in the cattle farms environment was 12.1% (95% CI 8.4% to 17.0%). The independent factors associated with seropositivity of leptospirosis among cattle farmers were positive pathogenic Leptospira in the environment (Adj OR 5.90, 95% CI 1.34 to 26.01) and presence of garbage dumping in the farm (Adj OR 2.40, 95% CI 1.02 to 5.65). CONCLUSION: Preventing leptospirosis incidence among cattle farmers necessitates changes in work environment. Identifying modifiable factors may also contribute to the reduction of infection. Shiraz: NIOC Health Organization 2018-04-01 /pmc/articles/PMC6466985/ /pubmed/29667646 http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/ijoem.2018.1164 Text en This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Original Article
binti Daud, Aziah
Mohd Fuzi, Nik Mohd Hafiz
Wan Mohammad, Wan Mohd Zahiruddin
Amran, Fairuz
Ismail, Nabilah
Mokhtar Arshad, Mohd
Kamarudin, Suratan
Leptospirosis and Workplace Environmental Risk Factors among Cattle Farmers in Northeastern Malaysia
title Leptospirosis and Workplace Environmental Risk Factors among Cattle Farmers in Northeastern Malaysia
title_full Leptospirosis and Workplace Environmental Risk Factors among Cattle Farmers in Northeastern Malaysia
title_fullStr Leptospirosis and Workplace Environmental Risk Factors among Cattle Farmers in Northeastern Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed Leptospirosis and Workplace Environmental Risk Factors among Cattle Farmers in Northeastern Malaysia
title_short Leptospirosis and Workplace Environmental Risk Factors among Cattle Farmers in Northeastern Malaysia
title_sort leptospirosis and workplace environmental risk factors among cattle farmers in northeastern malaysia
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6466985/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29667646
http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/ijoem.2018.1164
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