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Nanoparticle-Based Biosensing of Tuberculosis, an Affordable and Practical Alternative to Current Methods

Access to community-based point-of-care, low-cost, and sensitive tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics remains an unmet need. Objective: The objective of this study was to combine principles in nanotechnology, TB biology, glycochemistry, and engineering, for the development of a nanoparticle-based colorimet...

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Autores principales: Bhusal, Nirajan, Shrestha, Sunaina, Pote, Nisha, Alocilja, Evangelyn C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6468399/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30586842
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios9010001
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author Bhusal, Nirajan
Shrestha, Sunaina
Pote, Nisha
Alocilja, Evangelyn C.
author_facet Bhusal, Nirajan
Shrestha, Sunaina
Pote, Nisha
Alocilja, Evangelyn C.
author_sort Bhusal, Nirajan
collection PubMed
description Access to community-based point-of-care, low-cost, and sensitive tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics remains an unmet need. Objective: The objective of this study was to combine principles in nanotechnology, TB biology, glycochemistry, and engineering, for the development of a nanoparticle-based colorimetric biosensing assay (NCBA) to quickly and inexpensively detect acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in sputum samples. Methods: In NCBA, the isolation of AFB from sputum samples was accomplished through glycan-coated magnetic nanoparticles (GMNP) interacting with AFB and then using a simple magnet to separate the GMNP-AFB complex. Acid-fastness and cording properties of mycobacteria were utilized to provide visually observable red-stained clumps of bacteria that were surrounded by brown nanoparticles under a light microscope on prepared smears. The NCBA technique was compared against sputum smear microscopy (SSM) and Xpert MTB/RIF in 500 samples from patients that were suspected to have TB. Results: Statistical analysis showed that NCBA had sensitivity and specificity performances in perfect agreement with Xpert MTB/RIF as gold standard for all 500 samples. SSM had a sensitivity of 40% for the same samples. Conclusion: NCBA technique yielded full agreement in terms of sensitivity and specificity with the Xpert MTB/RIF in 500 samples. The method is completed in 10–20 min through a simple process at an estimated cost of $0.10 per test. Implementation of NCBA in rural communities would help to increase case finding and case notification, and would support programs against drug-resistance. Its use at the first point-of-contact by patients in the healthcare system would facilitate quick treatment in a single clinical encounter, thus supporting the global “End TB Strategy” by 2035.
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spelling pubmed-64683992019-04-23 Nanoparticle-Based Biosensing of Tuberculosis, an Affordable and Practical Alternative to Current Methods Bhusal, Nirajan Shrestha, Sunaina Pote, Nisha Alocilja, Evangelyn C. Biosensors (Basel) Article Access to community-based point-of-care, low-cost, and sensitive tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics remains an unmet need. Objective: The objective of this study was to combine principles in nanotechnology, TB biology, glycochemistry, and engineering, for the development of a nanoparticle-based colorimetric biosensing assay (NCBA) to quickly and inexpensively detect acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in sputum samples. Methods: In NCBA, the isolation of AFB from sputum samples was accomplished through glycan-coated magnetic nanoparticles (GMNP) interacting with AFB and then using a simple magnet to separate the GMNP-AFB complex. Acid-fastness and cording properties of mycobacteria were utilized to provide visually observable red-stained clumps of bacteria that were surrounded by brown nanoparticles under a light microscope on prepared smears. The NCBA technique was compared against sputum smear microscopy (SSM) and Xpert MTB/RIF in 500 samples from patients that were suspected to have TB. Results: Statistical analysis showed that NCBA had sensitivity and specificity performances in perfect agreement with Xpert MTB/RIF as gold standard for all 500 samples. SSM had a sensitivity of 40% for the same samples. Conclusion: NCBA technique yielded full agreement in terms of sensitivity and specificity with the Xpert MTB/RIF in 500 samples. The method is completed in 10–20 min through a simple process at an estimated cost of $0.10 per test. Implementation of NCBA in rural communities would help to increase case finding and case notification, and would support programs against drug-resistance. Its use at the first point-of-contact by patients in the healthcare system would facilitate quick treatment in a single clinical encounter, thus supporting the global “End TB Strategy” by 2035. MDPI 2018-12-24 /pmc/articles/PMC6468399/ /pubmed/30586842 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios9010001 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Bhusal, Nirajan
Shrestha, Sunaina
Pote, Nisha
Alocilja, Evangelyn C.
Nanoparticle-Based Biosensing of Tuberculosis, an Affordable and Practical Alternative to Current Methods
title Nanoparticle-Based Biosensing of Tuberculosis, an Affordable and Practical Alternative to Current Methods
title_full Nanoparticle-Based Biosensing of Tuberculosis, an Affordable and Practical Alternative to Current Methods
title_fullStr Nanoparticle-Based Biosensing of Tuberculosis, an Affordable and Practical Alternative to Current Methods
title_full_unstemmed Nanoparticle-Based Biosensing of Tuberculosis, an Affordable and Practical Alternative to Current Methods
title_short Nanoparticle-Based Biosensing of Tuberculosis, an Affordable and Practical Alternative to Current Methods
title_sort nanoparticle-based biosensing of tuberculosis, an affordable and practical alternative to current methods
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6468399/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30586842
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios9010001
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