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Ginsenoside Rb1 as an Anti-Diabetic Agent and Its Underlying Mechanism Analysis

Panax ginseng and Panax notoginseng, two well-known medical plants with economic value, have a long history of use for managing various diseases in Asian countries. Accumulating clinical and experimental evidence suggests that notoginsenosides and ginsenosides, which are the major bioactive componen...

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Autores principales: Zhou, Ping, Xie, Weijie, He, Shuaibing, Sun, Yifan, Meng, Xiangbao, Sun, Guibo, Sun, Xiaobo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6468558/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30823412
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8030204
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author Zhou, Ping
Xie, Weijie
He, Shuaibing
Sun, Yifan
Meng, Xiangbao
Sun, Guibo
Sun, Xiaobo
author_facet Zhou, Ping
Xie, Weijie
He, Shuaibing
Sun, Yifan
Meng, Xiangbao
Sun, Guibo
Sun, Xiaobo
author_sort Zhou, Ping
collection PubMed
description Panax ginseng and Panax notoginseng, two well-known medical plants with economic value, have a long history of use for managing various diseases in Asian countries. Accumulating clinical and experimental evidence suggests that notoginsenosides and ginsenosides, which are the major bioactive components of the plants, have a variety of beneficial effects on several types of disease, including metabolic, vascular, and central nervous system disease. Considerable attention has been focused on ginsenoside Rb1 derived from their common ownership as an anti-diabetic agent that can attenuate insulin resistance and various complications. Particularly, in vitro and in vivo models have suggested that ginsenoside Rb1 exerts various pharmacological effects on metabolic disorders, including attenuation of glycemia, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, which depend on the modulation of oxidative stress, inflammatory response, autophagy, and anti-apoptosis effects. Regulation of these pathophysiological mechanisms can improve blood glucose and insulin resistance and protect against macrovascular/microvascular related complications. This review summarizes the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of action of ginsenoside Rb1 in the management of diabetes or diabetic complications. Moreover, a multi-target effect and mechanism analysis of its antidiabetic actions were performed to provide a theoretical basis for further pharmacological studies and new drug development for clinical treatment of type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, ginsenoside Rb1 exerts significant anti-obesity, anti-hyperglycemic, and anti-diabetic effects by regulating the effects of glycolipid metabolism and improving insulin and leptin sensitivities. All of these findings suggest ginsenoside Rb1 exerts protective effects on diabetes and diabetic complications by the regulation of mitochondrial energy metabolism, improving insulin resistance and alleviating the occurrence complications, which should be further explored. Hence, ginsenoside Rb1 may be developed as a potential anti-obesity, anti-hyperglycemic, and anti-diabetic agent with multi-target effects.
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spelling pubmed-64685582019-04-23 Ginsenoside Rb1 as an Anti-Diabetic Agent and Its Underlying Mechanism Analysis Zhou, Ping Xie, Weijie He, Shuaibing Sun, Yifan Meng, Xiangbao Sun, Guibo Sun, Xiaobo Cells Review Panax ginseng and Panax notoginseng, two well-known medical plants with economic value, have a long history of use for managing various diseases in Asian countries. Accumulating clinical and experimental evidence suggests that notoginsenosides and ginsenosides, which are the major bioactive components of the plants, have a variety of beneficial effects on several types of disease, including metabolic, vascular, and central nervous system disease. Considerable attention has been focused on ginsenoside Rb1 derived from their common ownership as an anti-diabetic agent that can attenuate insulin resistance and various complications. Particularly, in vitro and in vivo models have suggested that ginsenoside Rb1 exerts various pharmacological effects on metabolic disorders, including attenuation of glycemia, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, which depend on the modulation of oxidative stress, inflammatory response, autophagy, and anti-apoptosis effects. Regulation of these pathophysiological mechanisms can improve blood glucose and insulin resistance and protect against macrovascular/microvascular related complications. This review summarizes the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of action of ginsenoside Rb1 in the management of diabetes or diabetic complications. Moreover, a multi-target effect and mechanism analysis of its antidiabetic actions were performed to provide a theoretical basis for further pharmacological studies and new drug development for clinical treatment of type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, ginsenoside Rb1 exerts significant anti-obesity, anti-hyperglycemic, and anti-diabetic effects by regulating the effects of glycolipid metabolism and improving insulin and leptin sensitivities. All of these findings suggest ginsenoside Rb1 exerts protective effects on diabetes and diabetic complications by the regulation of mitochondrial energy metabolism, improving insulin resistance and alleviating the occurrence complications, which should be further explored. Hence, ginsenoside Rb1 may be developed as a potential anti-obesity, anti-hyperglycemic, and anti-diabetic agent with multi-target effects. MDPI 2019-02-28 /pmc/articles/PMC6468558/ /pubmed/30823412 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8030204 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Zhou, Ping
Xie, Weijie
He, Shuaibing
Sun, Yifan
Meng, Xiangbao
Sun, Guibo
Sun, Xiaobo
Ginsenoside Rb1 as an Anti-Diabetic Agent and Its Underlying Mechanism Analysis
title Ginsenoside Rb1 as an Anti-Diabetic Agent and Its Underlying Mechanism Analysis
title_full Ginsenoside Rb1 as an Anti-Diabetic Agent and Its Underlying Mechanism Analysis
title_fullStr Ginsenoside Rb1 as an Anti-Diabetic Agent and Its Underlying Mechanism Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Ginsenoside Rb1 as an Anti-Diabetic Agent and Its Underlying Mechanism Analysis
title_short Ginsenoside Rb1 as an Anti-Diabetic Agent and Its Underlying Mechanism Analysis
title_sort ginsenoside rb1 as an anti-diabetic agent and its underlying mechanism analysis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6468558/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30823412
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8030204
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