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Selected Aspects of Chemoresistance Mechanisms in Colorectal Carcinoma—A Focus on Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition, Autophagy, and Apoptosis
Chemoresistance has been found in all malignant tumors including colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Nowadays chemoresistance is understood as a major reason for therapy failure, with consequent tumor growth and spreading leading ultimately to the patient’s premature death. The chemotherapy-related resistan...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6468859/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30871055 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8030234 |
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author | Skarkova, Veronika Kralova, Vera Vitovcova, Barbora Rudolf, Emil |
author_facet | Skarkova, Veronika Kralova, Vera Vitovcova, Barbora Rudolf, Emil |
author_sort | Skarkova, Veronika |
collection | PubMed |
description | Chemoresistance has been found in all malignant tumors including colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Nowadays chemoresistance is understood as a major reason for therapy failure, with consequent tumor growth and spreading leading ultimately to the patient’s premature death. The chemotherapy-related resistance of malignant colonocytes may be manifested in diverse mechanisms that may exist both prior to the onset of the therapy or after it. The ultimate function of this chemoresistance is to ensure the survival of malignant cells through continuing adaptation within an organism, therefore, the nature and spectrum of cell-survival strategies in CRC represent a highly significant target of scientific inquiry. Among these survival strategies employed by CRC cells, three unique but significantly linked phenomena stand out—epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), autophagy, and cell death. In this mini-review, current knowledge concerning all three mechanisms including their emergence, timeline, regulation, and mutual relationships will be presented and discussed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6468859 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64688592019-04-23 Selected Aspects of Chemoresistance Mechanisms in Colorectal Carcinoma—A Focus on Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition, Autophagy, and Apoptosis Skarkova, Veronika Kralova, Vera Vitovcova, Barbora Rudolf, Emil Cells Review Chemoresistance has been found in all malignant tumors including colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Nowadays chemoresistance is understood as a major reason for therapy failure, with consequent tumor growth and spreading leading ultimately to the patient’s premature death. The chemotherapy-related resistance of malignant colonocytes may be manifested in diverse mechanisms that may exist both prior to the onset of the therapy or after it. The ultimate function of this chemoresistance is to ensure the survival of malignant cells through continuing adaptation within an organism, therefore, the nature and spectrum of cell-survival strategies in CRC represent a highly significant target of scientific inquiry. Among these survival strategies employed by CRC cells, three unique but significantly linked phenomena stand out—epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), autophagy, and cell death. In this mini-review, current knowledge concerning all three mechanisms including their emergence, timeline, regulation, and mutual relationships will be presented and discussed. MDPI 2019-03-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6468859/ /pubmed/30871055 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8030234 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Skarkova, Veronika Kralova, Vera Vitovcova, Barbora Rudolf, Emil Selected Aspects of Chemoresistance Mechanisms in Colorectal Carcinoma—A Focus on Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition, Autophagy, and Apoptosis |
title | Selected Aspects of Chemoresistance Mechanisms in Colorectal Carcinoma—A Focus on Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition, Autophagy, and Apoptosis |
title_full | Selected Aspects of Chemoresistance Mechanisms in Colorectal Carcinoma—A Focus on Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition, Autophagy, and Apoptosis |
title_fullStr | Selected Aspects of Chemoresistance Mechanisms in Colorectal Carcinoma—A Focus on Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition, Autophagy, and Apoptosis |
title_full_unstemmed | Selected Aspects of Chemoresistance Mechanisms in Colorectal Carcinoma—A Focus on Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition, Autophagy, and Apoptosis |
title_short | Selected Aspects of Chemoresistance Mechanisms in Colorectal Carcinoma—A Focus on Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition, Autophagy, and Apoptosis |
title_sort | selected aspects of chemoresistance mechanisms in colorectal carcinoma—a focus on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, autophagy, and apoptosis |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6468859/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30871055 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8030234 |
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