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Prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus 1/2 in Nigeria’s capital territory and meta-analysis of Nigerian studies

OBJECTIVES: This study was aimed at determining human T-lymphotropic virus 1/2 prevalence among apparently healthy, immunocompromised and haematologic malignant individuals in Nigeria’s capital, as well as meta-analysis of all Nigerian studies until date. METHODS: A total of 200 participants were re...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Anyanwu, Nneoma Confidence JeanStephanie, Ella, Elijah Ekah, Aminu, Maryam, Azam, Maleeha, Ajmal, Muhammad, Kazeem, Haruna Makonjuola
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6469272/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31019698
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312119843706
Descripción
Sumario:OBJECTIVES: This study was aimed at determining human T-lymphotropic virus 1/2 prevalence among apparently healthy, immunocompromised and haematologic malignant individuals in Nigeria’s capital, as well as meta-analysis of all Nigerian studies until date. METHODS: A total of 200 participants were recruited into a cross-sectional study. In total, 1 mL each of sera and plasma were obtained from 5 mL blood of each participant and analysed for antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus 1/2 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; positive samples confirmed with qualitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, followed by statistical and meta-analysis. Sociodemographic characteristics and possible risk factors were assessed via questionnaires. RESULTS: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay yielded 1% prevalence which was confirmed to be zero via polymerase chain reaction. A total of 119 (59.5%) of the participants were male, while the mean age was 35.28 ± 13.61 years. Apart from sex and blood reception/donation, there was generally a low rate of exposure to human T-lymphotropic virus–associated risk factors. Meta-analysis revealed pooled prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus 1 and 2 to be 3% and 0%, respectively, from Nigerian studies. CONCLUSION: This study discovered zero prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus 1/2 from five major hospitals in Nigeria’s capital, exposing the importance of confirmatory assays after positive antibody detection assay results. Meta-analysis highlighted the existence of very few reliable Nigerian studies compared to the demography of the nation. Large-scale epidemiological studies and routine screening of risk populations are therefore needed since Nigeria lies in the region of endemicity.