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Flexible Carbon Nanotube-Based Polymer Electrode for Long-Term Electrocardiographic Recording
The long-term monitoring of electrocardiogram (ECG) is critical for the accurate diagnosis and tracking of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the commercial Ag/AgCl electrode is not suitable for long-term monitoring due to skin allergies and signal degradation, caused by the conductive gel dry...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6470748/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30909577 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12060971 |
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author | Chi, Miao Zhao, Jingjing Dong, Ying Wang, Xiaohao |
author_facet | Chi, Miao Zhao, Jingjing Dong, Ying Wang, Xiaohao |
author_sort | Chi, Miao |
collection | PubMed |
description | The long-term monitoring of electrocardiogram (ECG) is critical for the accurate diagnosis and tracking of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the commercial Ag/AgCl electrode is not suitable for long-term monitoring due to skin allergies and signal degradation, caused by the conductive gel drying over time. In this paper, a flexible gel-free electrode, composed of a multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), is proposed for long-term wearable ECG monitoring. To achieve uniform dispersion of MWCNTs in viscous PDMS, we developed a novel parallel solvent-assisted ultrasonic dispersion method, wherein the organic solvent n–Hexane served as a dispersion to avoid MWCNT aggregates. The properties of the MWCNT/PDMS electrode were assessed through structural characterization, contact impedance tests, ECG measurements, and biocompatibility tests. When the MWCNT weight fraction reached 5.5 wt%, the skin-electrode contact impedance of the MWCNT/PDMS electrode was lower than that of the Ag/AgCl electrode below 100 Hz. In daily ECG monitoring, the MWCNT/PDMS electrodes showed superior performance against motion artifact compared to the Ag/AgCl electrode. After seven days of wearing the MWCNT/PDMS electrode, ECG signals did not degrade and no side effects, such as skin redness and swelling, were observed. Thus, this electrode could enable long-term ECG monitoring in wearable healthcare systems. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6470748 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64707482019-04-27 Flexible Carbon Nanotube-Based Polymer Electrode for Long-Term Electrocardiographic Recording Chi, Miao Zhao, Jingjing Dong, Ying Wang, Xiaohao Materials (Basel) Article The long-term monitoring of electrocardiogram (ECG) is critical for the accurate diagnosis and tracking of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the commercial Ag/AgCl electrode is not suitable for long-term monitoring due to skin allergies and signal degradation, caused by the conductive gel drying over time. In this paper, a flexible gel-free electrode, composed of a multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), is proposed for long-term wearable ECG monitoring. To achieve uniform dispersion of MWCNTs in viscous PDMS, we developed a novel parallel solvent-assisted ultrasonic dispersion method, wherein the organic solvent n–Hexane served as a dispersion to avoid MWCNT aggregates. The properties of the MWCNT/PDMS electrode were assessed through structural characterization, contact impedance tests, ECG measurements, and biocompatibility tests. When the MWCNT weight fraction reached 5.5 wt%, the skin-electrode contact impedance of the MWCNT/PDMS electrode was lower than that of the Ag/AgCl electrode below 100 Hz. In daily ECG monitoring, the MWCNT/PDMS electrodes showed superior performance against motion artifact compared to the Ag/AgCl electrode. After seven days of wearing the MWCNT/PDMS electrode, ECG signals did not degrade and no side effects, such as skin redness and swelling, were observed. Thus, this electrode could enable long-term ECG monitoring in wearable healthcare systems. MDPI 2019-03-23 /pmc/articles/PMC6470748/ /pubmed/30909577 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12060971 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Chi, Miao Zhao, Jingjing Dong, Ying Wang, Xiaohao Flexible Carbon Nanotube-Based Polymer Electrode for Long-Term Electrocardiographic Recording |
title | Flexible Carbon Nanotube-Based Polymer Electrode for Long-Term Electrocardiographic Recording |
title_full | Flexible Carbon Nanotube-Based Polymer Electrode for Long-Term Electrocardiographic Recording |
title_fullStr | Flexible Carbon Nanotube-Based Polymer Electrode for Long-Term Electrocardiographic Recording |
title_full_unstemmed | Flexible Carbon Nanotube-Based Polymer Electrode for Long-Term Electrocardiographic Recording |
title_short | Flexible Carbon Nanotube-Based Polymer Electrode for Long-Term Electrocardiographic Recording |
title_sort | flexible carbon nanotube-based polymer electrode for long-term electrocardiographic recording |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6470748/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30909577 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12060971 |
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