Changes of Myelin Organization in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease Shown by q-Space Myelin Map Imaging

BACKGROUND: Recent studies detected the aberrant myelination of the central nervous system (CNS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we compared the change of myelination between patients with AD and controls by a novel magnetic resonance imaging modality, “q-space myelin map (MM) imaging.” METHODS: Twenty patients with AD and 18 healthy subjects underwent MM imaging. We compared the MM metric between the 2 groups and examined the relationships between the metric and the clinical symptoms of AD. RESULTS: AD patients showed a significant reduction of MM metric in the hippocampus, insula, precuneus, and anterior cingulate regions. There was also a significant negative correlation between the duration of illness and the MM metric in the temporoparietal region. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that MM imaging could be a clinically proper modality to estimate the myelination changes in AD patients.