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Effect of Austenitization Conditions on the Transformation Behavior of Low Carbon Steel Containing Ti–Ca Oxide Particles
Inclusion-induced acicular ferrite (AF) nucleation has been used for microstructure refinement in steel. Austenitization conditions have a significant influence on AF nucleation ability. In this paper, the effects of austenitization temperature and holding time on the transformation behaviors of low...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6480536/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30939817 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12071070 |
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author | Wang, Chao Wang, Xin Kang, Jian Yuan, Guo Wang, Guodong |
author_facet | Wang, Chao Wang, Xin Kang, Jian Yuan, Guo Wang, Guodong |
author_sort | Wang, Chao |
collection | PubMed |
description | Inclusion-induced acicular ferrite (AF) nucleation has been used for microstructure refinement in steel. Austenitization conditions have a significant influence on AF nucleation ability. In this paper, the effects of austenitization temperature and holding time on the transformation behaviors of low carbon steel containing Ti–Ca oxide particles were studied. A thermal treatment experiment, high temperature in situ observation, and calculation of Mn diffusion were carried out. The results indicate that small austenite grain size under low austenitizing temperature promoted grain boundary reaction products. With an increase in austenitizing temperature, the nucleation sites transferred to intragranular particles and AF transformation was improved. The inclusion particles in the Ti–Ca deoxidized steel were featured by an oxide core rich in Ti and a lesser amount of Ca and with MnS precipitation on the local surface, which showed a strong ability to promote AF nucleation. At a low austenitizing temperature, Mn diffusion was limited and the development of Mn-depleted zones (MDZs) around inclusions was not sufficient. The higher diffusion capacity of Mn at a high austenitizing temperature promoted the formation of MDZs to a larger degree and increased the AF nucleation ability. Boron segregation at large-sized austenite grain boundaries played an important role in AF transformation. Austenite grain size, Mn-depleted zone development, and boron segregation at grain boundaries were the decisive factors influencing the transformation behaviors under different austenitization conditions for the test steel. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6480536 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64805362019-04-29 Effect of Austenitization Conditions on the Transformation Behavior of Low Carbon Steel Containing Ti–Ca Oxide Particles Wang, Chao Wang, Xin Kang, Jian Yuan, Guo Wang, Guodong Materials (Basel) Article Inclusion-induced acicular ferrite (AF) nucleation has been used for microstructure refinement in steel. Austenitization conditions have a significant influence on AF nucleation ability. In this paper, the effects of austenitization temperature and holding time on the transformation behaviors of low carbon steel containing Ti–Ca oxide particles were studied. A thermal treatment experiment, high temperature in situ observation, and calculation of Mn diffusion were carried out. The results indicate that small austenite grain size under low austenitizing temperature promoted grain boundary reaction products. With an increase in austenitizing temperature, the nucleation sites transferred to intragranular particles and AF transformation was improved. The inclusion particles in the Ti–Ca deoxidized steel were featured by an oxide core rich in Ti and a lesser amount of Ca and with MnS precipitation on the local surface, which showed a strong ability to promote AF nucleation. At a low austenitizing temperature, Mn diffusion was limited and the development of Mn-depleted zones (MDZs) around inclusions was not sufficient. The higher diffusion capacity of Mn at a high austenitizing temperature promoted the formation of MDZs to a larger degree and increased the AF nucleation ability. Boron segregation at large-sized austenite grain boundaries played an important role in AF transformation. Austenite grain size, Mn-depleted zone development, and boron segregation at grain boundaries were the decisive factors influencing the transformation behaviors under different austenitization conditions for the test steel. MDPI 2019-04-01 /pmc/articles/PMC6480536/ /pubmed/30939817 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12071070 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Wang, Chao Wang, Xin Kang, Jian Yuan, Guo Wang, Guodong Effect of Austenitization Conditions on the Transformation Behavior of Low Carbon Steel Containing Ti–Ca Oxide Particles |
title | Effect of Austenitization Conditions on the Transformation Behavior of Low Carbon Steel Containing Ti–Ca Oxide Particles |
title_full | Effect of Austenitization Conditions on the Transformation Behavior of Low Carbon Steel Containing Ti–Ca Oxide Particles |
title_fullStr | Effect of Austenitization Conditions on the Transformation Behavior of Low Carbon Steel Containing Ti–Ca Oxide Particles |
title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Austenitization Conditions on the Transformation Behavior of Low Carbon Steel Containing Ti–Ca Oxide Particles |
title_short | Effect of Austenitization Conditions on the Transformation Behavior of Low Carbon Steel Containing Ti–Ca Oxide Particles |
title_sort | effect of austenitization conditions on the transformation behavior of low carbon steel containing ti–ca oxide particles |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6480536/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30939817 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12071070 |
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