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Combination regimens with PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors for gastrointestinal malignancies
Gastrointestinal (GI) malignant neoplasms have a high global incidence and treatment prospects for patients with advanced GI tumors are dismal. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors emerged as a frontline treatment for several types of cancer. However, the shortcomings of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have been observed, i...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6480748/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31014381 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13045-019-0730-9 |
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author | Wang, Dongxu Lin, Jianzhen Yang, Xu Long, Junyu Bai, Yi Yang, Xiaobo Mao, Yilei Sang, Xinting Seery, Samuel Zhao, Haitao |
author_facet | Wang, Dongxu Lin, Jianzhen Yang, Xu Long, Junyu Bai, Yi Yang, Xiaobo Mao, Yilei Sang, Xinting Seery, Samuel Zhao, Haitao |
author_sort | Wang, Dongxu |
collection | PubMed |
description | Gastrointestinal (GI) malignant neoplasms have a high global incidence and treatment prospects for patients with advanced GI tumors are dismal. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors emerged as a frontline treatment for several types of cancer. However, the shortcomings of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have been observed, including low objective response rates and acquired tumor resistance, especially in patients receiving PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors as a single treatment. Accumulating evidence from clinical trials increasingly suggests that combined immunotherapies enhance therapeutic responses in patients with malignances, especially for GI tumors which have a complex matrix, and significant molecular and immunological differences. Preclinical and clinical studies suggest there are advantages to combined immunological regimens, which represents the next logical step in this field, although further research is necessary. This literature review explores the current limitations of monotherapies, before critically discussing the rationale behind combination regimens. Then, we provide a summary of the clinical applications for gastrointestinal cancers. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6480748 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64807482019-05-01 Combination regimens with PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors for gastrointestinal malignancies Wang, Dongxu Lin, Jianzhen Yang, Xu Long, Junyu Bai, Yi Yang, Xiaobo Mao, Yilei Sang, Xinting Seery, Samuel Zhao, Haitao J Hematol Oncol Review Gastrointestinal (GI) malignant neoplasms have a high global incidence and treatment prospects for patients with advanced GI tumors are dismal. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors emerged as a frontline treatment for several types of cancer. However, the shortcomings of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have been observed, including low objective response rates and acquired tumor resistance, especially in patients receiving PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors as a single treatment. Accumulating evidence from clinical trials increasingly suggests that combined immunotherapies enhance therapeutic responses in patients with malignances, especially for GI tumors which have a complex matrix, and significant molecular and immunological differences. Preclinical and clinical studies suggest there are advantages to combined immunological regimens, which represents the next logical step in this field, although further research is necessary. This literature review explores the current limitations of monotherapies, before critically discussing the rationale behind combination regimens. Then, we provide a summary of the clinical applications for gastrointestinal cancers. BioMed Central 2019-04-24 /pmc/articles/PMC6480748/ /pubmed/31014381 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13045-019-0730-9 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Review Wang, Dongxu Lin, Jianzhen Yang, Xu Long, Junyu Bai, Yi Yang, Xiaobo Mao, Yilei Sang, Xinting Seery, Samuel Zhao, Haitao Combination regimens with PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors for gastrointestinal malignancies |
title | Combination regimens with PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors for gastrointestinal malignancies |
title_full | Combination regimens with PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors for gastrointestinal malignancies |
title_fullStr | Combination regimens with PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors for gastrointestinal malignancies |
title_full_unstemmed | Combination regimens with PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors for gastrointestinal malignancies |
title_short | Combination regimens with PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors for gastrointestinal malignancies |
title_sort | combination regimens with pd-1/pd-l1 immune checkpoint inhibitors for gastrointestinal malignancies |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6480748/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31014381 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13045-019-0730-9 |
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