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Spatially-offset Raman spectroscopy for monitoring mineralization of bone tissue engineering scaffolds: feasibility study based on phantom samples
Using phantom samples, we investigated the feasibility of spatially-offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) as a tool for monitoring non-invasively the mineralization of bone tissue engineering scaffold in-vivo. The phantom samples consisted of 3D-printed scaffolds of poly-caprolactone (PCL) and hydroxyapa...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Optical Society of America
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6484990/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31061762 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/BOE.10.001678 |
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author | Dooley, Max Prasopthum, Aruna Liao, Zhiyu Sinjab, Faris McLaren, Jane Rose, Felicity R. A. J. Yang, Jing Notingher, Ioan |
author_facet | Dooley, Max Prasopthum, Aruna Liao, Zhiyu Sinjab, Faris McLaren, Jane Rose, Felicity R. A. J. Yang, Jing Notingher, Ioan |
author_sort | Dooley, Max |
collection | PubMed |
description | Using phantom samples, we investigated the feasibility of spatially-offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) as a tool for monitoring non-invasively the mineralization of bone tissue engineering scaffold in-vivo. The phantom samples consisted of 3D-printed scaffolds of poly-caprolactone (PCL) and hydroxyapatite (HA) blends, with varying concentrations of HA, to mimic the mineralisation process. The scaffolds were covered by a 4 mm layer of skin to simulate the real in-vivo measurement conditions. At a concentration of HA approximately 1/3 that of bone (~0.6 g/cm(3)), the characteristic Raman band of HA (960 cm(−1)) was detectable when the PCL:HA layer was located at 4 mm depth within the scaffold (i.e. 8 mm below the skin surface). For the layers of the PCL:HA immediately under the skin (i.e. top of the scaffold), the detection limit of HA was 0.18 g/cm(3), which is approximately one order of magnitude lower than that of bone. Similar results were also found for the phantoms simulating uniform and inward gradual mineralisation of the scaffold, indicating the suitability of SORS to detect early stages of mineralisation. Nevertheless, the results also show that the contribution of the materials surrounding the scaffold can be significant and methods for subtraction need to be investigated in the future. In conclusion, these results indicate that spatially-offset Raman spectroscopy is a promising technique for in-vivo longitudinal monitoring scaffold mineralization and bone re-growth. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6484990 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Optical Society of America |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64849902019-05-06 Spatially-offset Raman spectroscopy for monitoring mineralization of bone tissue engineering scaffolds: feasibility study based on phantom samples Dooley, Max Prasopthum, Aruna Liao, Zhiyu Sinjab, Faris McLaren, Jane Rose, Felicity R. A. J. Yang, Jing Notingher, Ioan Biomed Opt Express Article Using phantom samples, we investigated the feasibility of spatially-offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) as a tool for monitoring non-invasively the mineralization of bone tissue engineering scaffold in-vivo. The phantom samples consisted of 3D-printed scaffolds of poly-caprolactone (PCL) and hydroxyapatite (HA) blends, with varying concentrations of HA, to mimic the mineralisation process. The scaffolds were covered by a 4 mm layer of skin to simulate the real in-vivo measurement conditions. At a concentration of HA approximately 1/3 that of bone (~0.6 g/cm(3)), the characteristic Raman band of HA (960 cm(−1)) was detectable when the PCL:HA layer was located at 4 mm depth within the scaffold (i.e. 8 mm below the skin surface). For the layers of the PCL:HA immediately under the skin (i.e. top of the scaffold), the detection limit of HA was 0.18 g/cm(3), which is approximately one order of magnitude lower than that of bone. Similar results were also found for the phantoms simulating uniform and inward gradual mineralisation of the scaffold, indicating the suitability of SORS to detect early stages of mineralisation. Nevertheless, the results also show that the contribution of the materials surrounding the scaffold can be significant and methods for subtraction need to be investigated in the future. In conclusion, these results indicate that spatially-offset Raman spectroscopy is a promising technique for in-vivo longitudinal monitoring scaffold mineralization and bone re-growth. Optical Society of America 2019-03-06 /pmc/articles/PMC6484990/ /pubmed/31061762 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/BOE.10.001678 Text en Published by The Optical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Published by The Optical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. |
spellingShingle | Article Dooley, Max Prasopthum, Aruna Liao, Zhiyu Sinjab, Faris McLaren, Jane Rose, Felicity R. A. J. Yang, Jing Notingher, Ioan Spatially-offset Raman spectroscopy for monitoring mineralization of bone tissue engineering scaffolds: feasibility study based on phantom samples |
title | Spatially-offset Raman spectroscopy for monitoring mineralization of bone tissue engineering scaffolds: feasibility study based on phantom samples |
title_full | Spatially-offset Raman spectroscopy for monitoring mineralization of bone tissue engineering scaffolds: feasibility study based on phantom samples |
title_fullStr | Spatially-offset Raman spectroscopy for monitoring mineralization of bone tissue engineering scaffolds: feasibility study based on phantom samples |
title_full_unstemmed | Spatially-offset Raman spectroscopy for monitoring mineralization of bone tissue engineering scaffolds: feasibility study based on phantom samples |
title_short | Spatially-offset Raman spectroscopy for monitoring mineralization of bone tissue engineering scaffolds: feasibility study based on phantom samples |
title_sort | spatially-offset raman spectroscopy for monitoring mineralization of bone tissue engineering scaffolds: feasibility study based on phantom samples |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6484990/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31061762 http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/BOE.10.001678 |
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