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Repellent properties of Rotheca glabrum plant extracts against adults of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus
BACKGROUND: Rotheca glabrum (formerly known as Clerodendrum glabrum [Verbenaceae]) is used by local communities in the Limpopo Province of South Africa to control ticks on livestock and was selected from the database of the ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute. Its leaves were extracted using orga...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6487012/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31029169 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-1853-5 |
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author | Mawela, Kedibone Gloria Luseba, Dibungi Magano, Solomon Eloff, Jacobus Nicolaas |
author_facet | Mawela, Kedibone Gloria Luseba, Dibungi Magano, Solomon Eloff, Jacobus Nicolaas |
author_sort | Mawela, Kedibone Gloria |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Rotheca glabrum (formerly known as Clerodendrum glabrum [Verbenaceae]) is used by local communities in the Limpopo Province of South Africa to control ticks on livestock and was selected from the database of the ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute. Its leaves were extracted using organic solvents ranging from polar to non-polar solvents (methanol, acetone and dichloromethane (DCM)). In addition, the traditional soap-water (infusion) and water-based (decoction) methods were used. The tick repelling activity was determined against the adult stage of the livestock tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. RESULTS: In the tick-climbing repellency bioassay a 30% acetone extract had a significant (p ≤ 0.05) repellent effect against adults of R. appendiculatus. The extract was still active at a lower concentration of 10%. The hexane fraction from the R. glabrum acetone extract had a higher tick repellency activity than the positive controls Amitix and Bayticol at the same concentrations. Unfortunately, the activity decreased after 2.5 h, probably due to volatility of the biologically active compound(s) within the extract. CONCLUSION: Attempts were made to isolate the repellent compound from the acetone extract of R. glabrum. The process produced very good results up to a late stage in the bioassay-guided fractionation process. At that point, the repellent activity was lost. When two fractions were combined, the repellent activity was regained. These results provide strong evidence for the existence of a synergisticactivity of different compounds. It may be better to concentrate on extracts that would kill ticks rather than on extracts that would repel ticks. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6487012 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64870122019-05-06 Repellent properties of Rotheca glabrum plant extracts against adults of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Mawela, Kedibone Gloria Luseba, Dibungi Magano, Solomon Eloff, Jacobus Nicolaas BMC Vet Res Case Report BACKGROUND: Rotheca glabrum (formerly known as Clerodendrum glabrum [Verbenaceae]) is used by local communities in the Limpopo Province of South Africa to control ticks on livestock and was selected from the database of the ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute. Its leaves were extracted using organic solvents ranging from polar to non-polar solvents (methanol, acetone and dichloromethane (DCM)). In addition, the traditional soap-water (infusion) and water-based (decoction) methods were used. The tick repelling activity was determined against the adult stage of the livestock tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. RESULTS: In the tick-climbing repellency bioassay a 30% acetone extract had a significant (p ≤ 0.05) repellent effect against adults of R. appendiculatus. The extract was still active at a lower concentration of 10%. The hexane fraction from the R. glabrum acetone extract had a higher tick repellency activity than the positive controls Amitix and Bayticol at the same concentrations. Unfortunately, the activity decreased after 2.5 h, probably due to volatility of the biologically active compound(s) within the extract. CONCLUSION: Attempts were made to isolate the repellent compound from the acetone extract of R. glabrum. The process produced very good results up to a late stage in the bioassay-guided fractionation process. At that point, the repellent activity was lost. When two fractions were combined, the repellent activity was regained. These results provide strong evidence for the existence of a synergisticactivity of different compounds. It may be better to concentrate on extracts that would kill ticks rather than on extracts that would repel ticks. BioMed Central 2019-04-27 /pmc/articles/PMC6487012/ /pubmed/31029169 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-1853-5 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Case Report Mawela, Kedibone Gloria Luseba, Dibungi Magano, Solomon Eloff, Jacobus Nicolaas Repellent properties of Rotheca glabrum plant extracts against adults of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus |
title | Repellent properties of Rotheca glabrum plant extracts against adults of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus |
title_full | Repellent properties of Rotheca glabrum plant extracts against adults of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus |
title_fullStr | Repellent properties of Rotheca glabrum plant extracts against adults of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus |
title_full_unstemmed | Repellent properties of Rotheca glabrum plant extracts against adults of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus |
title_short | Repellent properties of Rotheca glabrum plant extracts against adults of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus |
title_sort | repellent properties of rotheca glabrum plant extracts against adults of rhipicephalus appendiculatus |
topic | Case Report |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6487012/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31029169 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-1853-5 |
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