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Do fixed orthodontic appliances cause halitosis? A systematic review
OBJECTIVE: To examine: (I) the current evidence of the impact of fixed orthodontic appliances on the development of halitosis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment, and (II) the influence of different orthodontic bracket systems on halitosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three electronic databases (...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6498650/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31046726 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-019-0761-1 |
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author | Abdulraheem, Salem Paulsson, Liselotte Petrén, Sofia Sonesson, Mikael |
author_facet | Abdulraheem, Salem Paulsson, Liselotte Petrén, Sofia Sonesson, Mikael |
author_sort | Abdulraheem, Salem |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: To examine: (I) the current evidence of the impact of fixed orthodontic appliances on the development of halitosis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment, and (II) the influence of different orthodontic bracket systems on halitosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library) were searched prior to March 15, 2018. The review was systematically conducted and reported according to the Cochrane Handbook and the PRISMA statement. Only Randomised Clinical Trials (RCTs) were considered. Selected full-text papers were independently assessed by four investigators and any disagreements were resolved by consensus. The Cochrane Handbook was used to grade the risk of bias and the quality of evidence was rated according to GRADE. RESULTS: Out of 363 identified studies, three RCTs on halitosis and fixed orthodontic appliances met the inclusion criteria. The risk of bias in the three studies was rated as high and the quality of evidence was rated as very low. CONCLUSIONS/CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: There is a lack of scientific evidence that subjects with fixed orthodontic appliances develop halitosis during treatment. Additional well-conducted RCTs with extended periods of assessment are needed as well as consensus concerning cut-off values for the diagnosis of halitosis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6498650 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64986502019-05-09 Do fixed orthodontic appliances cause halitosis? A systematic review Abdulraheem, Salem Paulsson, Liselotte Petrén, Sofia Sonesson, Mikael BMC Oral Health Research Article OBJECTIVE: To examine: (I) the current evidence of the impact of fixed orthodontic appliances on the development of halitosis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment, and (II) the influence of different orthodontic bracket systems on halitosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library) were searched prior to March 15, 2018. The review was systematically conducted and reported according to the Cochrane Handbook and the PRISMA statement. Only Randomised Clinical Trials (RCTs) were considered. Selected full-text papers were independently assessed by four investigators and any disagreements were resolved by consensus. The Cochrane Handbook was used to grade the risk of bias and the quality of evidence was rated according to GRADE. RESULTS: Out of 363 identified studies, three RCTs on halitosis and fixed orthodontic appliances met the inclusion criteria. The risk of bias in the three studies was rated as high and the quality of evidence was rated as very low. CONCLUSIONS/CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: There is a lack of scientific evidence that subjects with fixed orthodontic appliances develop halitosis during treatment. Additional well-conducted RCTs with extended periods of assessment are needed as well as consensus concerning cut-off values for the diagnosis of halitosis. BioMed Central 2019-05-02 /pmc/articles/PMC6498650/ /pubmed/31046726 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-019-0761-1 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Abdulraheem, Salem Paulsson, Liselotte Petrén, Sofia Sonesson, Mikael Do fixed orthodontic appliances cause halitosis? A systematic review |
title | Do fixed orthodontic appliances cause halitosis? A systematic review |
title_full | Do fixed orthodontic appliances cause halitosis? A systematic review |
title_fullStr | Do fixed orthodontic appliances cause halitosis? A systematic review |
title_full_unstemmed | Do fixed orthodontic appliances cause halitosis? A systematic review |
title_short | Do fixed orthodontic appliances cause halitosis? A systematic review |
title_sort | do fixed orthodontic appliances cause halitosis? a systematic review |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6498650/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31046726 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-019-0761-1 |
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