Correlation of p16 and nm23-H1 expression levels with incidence and prognosis of soft tissue sarcoma

The expression levels of p16 and nm23-H1 genes in soft tissue sarcoma (STS) were evaluated to investigate correlation of the expression levels with the incidence and prognosis of STS. Tumor tissues and para-carcinoma normal tissues were collected from 64 STS patients. The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression levels of p16 and nm23-H1 in the tissues were detected via reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and the protein expression levels of p16 and nm23-H1 in tissues were detected using immunohistochemistry. Spearman's correlation analysis was used for the correlation between expression levels of p16 and nm23-H1 in STS tissues and the correlation between p16 and nm23-H1 mRNA and protein expression. Moreover, the correlation of p16 and nm23-H1 expression levels in tumor tissues with pathological parameters and prognosis of STS patients were analyzed combined with clinical data. Results of RT-qPCR showed that mRNA expression levels of p16 and nm23-H1 in tumor tissues of STS patients were significantly lower than those in para-carcinoma normal tissues (P<0.01). Results of immunohistochemistry showed that the positive expression rates of p16 and nm23-H1 in tumor tissues of STS patients (43.75 and 39.06% respectively) were significantly lower than those in para-carcinoma normal tissues (85.93 and 89.06% respectively). The expression of p16 and nm23-H1 mRNA was positively correlated with protein expression levels. There was a positive correlation between the expression levels of p16 and nm23-H1 in tumor tissues of STS patients. The negative expression of p16 in tumor tissues of STS patients correlated with tumor size, tumor metastasis and clinical staging, and the negative expression of nm23-H1 correlated with tumor metastasis and clinical staging. The overall 5-year survival rate of patients was 54.68%, and the prognosis of patients with positive expression levels of p16 and nm23-H1 was better. Univariate survival analyses revealed that p16 and nm23-H1 were influencing factors of the overall survival rate of STS patients. p16 and nm23-H1 expression in STS is low, and their expression levels are closely related to the pathological parameters and prognosis of STS patients, so they can serve as reference indexes for prognosis estimation of STS.