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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with hepatocellular carcinoma: An increasing concern

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer in world and third largest cause of cancer-related deaths. The last few decades have witnessed the emergence of non-viral causes of HCC, the most important being non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD ranges from simple steatos...

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Autores principales: Dhamija, Ekta, Paul, Shashi Bala, Kedia, Saurabh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6507546/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31115369
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1456_17
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author Dhamija, Ekta
Paul, Shashi Bala
Kedia, Saurabh
author_facet Dhamija, Ekta
Paul, Shashi Bala
Kedia, Saurabh
author_sort Dhamija, Ekta
collection PubMed
description Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer in world and third largest cause of cancer-related deaths. The last few decades have witnessed the emergence of non-viral causes of HCC, the most important being non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD ranges from simple steatosis in the absence of excessive alcohol intake to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with or without cirrhosis. About 3-15 per cent of the obese patients with NASH progress to cirrhosis and about 4-27 per cent of NASH with cirrhosis patients transform to HCC. It is also known that HCC can develop de novo in patients with NASH without the presence of cirrhosis. Yearly cumulative incidence of NASH-related HCC is low (2.6%) compared to four per cent of viral-HCC. NAFLD has been associated with risk factors such as metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, altered gut flora and persistent inflammation. Due to alarming rise in metabolic diseases, both in the developing as well as the developed world, it is expected that the incidence of NAFLD/NASH-HCC would rise manifold in future. No definite guidelines have been drawn for surveillance and management of NAFLD/NASH-associated HCC. It is thus important to discuss the entity of HCC in NAFLD at length with special focus on its epidemiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, diagnosis, clinical presentation and prevention.
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spelling pubmed-65075462019-05-21 Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with hepatocellular carcinoma: An increasing concern Dhamija, Ekta Paul, Shashi Bala Kedia, Saurabh Indian J Med Res Review Article Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer in world and third largest cause of cancer-related deaths. The last few decades have witnessed the emergence of non-viral causes of HCC, the most important being non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD ranges from simple steatosis in the absence of excessive alcohol intake to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with or without cirrhosis. About 3-15 per cent of the obese patients with NASH progress to cirrhosis and about 4-27 per cent of NASH with cirrhosis patients transform to HCC. It is also known that HCC can develop de novo in patients with NASH without the presence of cirrhosis. Yearly cumulative incidence of NASH-related HCC is low (2.6%) compared to four per cent of viral-HCC. NAFLD has been associated with risk factors such as metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, altered gut flora and persistent inflammation. Due to alarming rise in metabolic diseases, both in the developing as well as the developed world, it is expected that the incidence of NAFLD/NASH-HCC would rise manifold in future. No definite guidelines have been drawn for surveillance and management of NAFLD/NASH-associated HCC. It is thus important to discuss the entity of HCC in NAFLD at length with special focus on its epidemiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, diagnosis, clinical presentation and prevention. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2019-01 /pmc/articles/PMC6507546/ /pubmed/31115369 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1456_17 Text en Copyright: © 2019 Indian Journal of Medical Research http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
spellingShingle Review Article
Dhamija, Ekta
Paul, Shashi Bala
Kedia, Saurabh
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with hepatocellular carcinoma: An increasing concern
title Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with hepatocellular carcinoma: An increasing concern
title_full Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with hepatocellular carcinoma: An increasing concern
title_fullStr Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with hepatocellular carcinoma: An increasing concern
title_full_unstemmed Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with hepatocellular carcinoma: An increasing concern
title_short Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with hepatocellular carcinoma: An increasing concern
title_sort non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with hepatocellular carcinoma: an increasing concern
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6507546/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31115369
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1456_17
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