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A brittle‐2 transgene increases maize yield by acting in maternal tissues to increase seed number

The enzyme ADP‐glucose pyrophosphorylase is essential for starch biosynthesis and is highly regulated. Here, mutations that increased heat stability and interactions with allosteric effectors were incorporated into the small subunit of the isoform known to be expressed at high levels in the maize en...

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Autores principales: Hannah, L. Curtis, Shaw, Janine R., Clancy, Maureen A., Georgelis, Nikolaos, Boehlein, Susan K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6508519/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31245677
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pld3.29
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author Hannah, L. Curtis
Shaw, Janine R.
Clancy, Maureen A.
Georgelis, Nikolaos
Boehlein, Susan K.
author_facet Hannah, L. Curtis
Shaw, Janine R.
Clancy, Maureen A.
Georgelis, Nikolaos
Boehlein, Susan K.
author_sort Hannah, L. Curtis
collection PubMed
description The enzyme ADP‐glucose pyrophosphorylase is essential for starch biosynthesis and is highly regulated. Here, mutations that increased heat stability and interactions with allosteric effectors were incorporated into the small subunit of the isoform known to be expressed at high levels in the maize endosperm. The resulting variants were transformed into maize with expression targeted to the endosperm. Transgenes harboring the changes increased yield some 35%; however, yield enhancement occurred via an increase in seed number rather than by increased seed weight. Interestingly, seed number increase is controlled by the genotype of the plant rather than the genotype of the seed as seeds increase in number whether or not they contain the transgene as long as the maternal parent has the transgene. The transgene is however expressed in the endosperm, and the altered allosteric and stability properties initially seen in Escherichia coli expression experiments are also seen with the endosperm‐expressed gene. The extent of seed number increase is positively correlated with the average daily high temperature during the first 4 days postpollination. While these results were unexpected, they echo the phenotypic changes caused by the insertion of an altered large subunit of this enzyme reported previously (Plant Cell, 24, 2012, 2352). These results call into question some of the reported fundamental differences separating starch synthesis in the endosperm vis‐à‐vis other plant tissues.
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spelling pubmed-65085192019-06-26 A brittle‐2 transgene increases maize yield by acting in maternal tissues to increase seed number Hannah, L. Curtis Shaw, Janine R. Clancy, Maureen A. Georgelis, Nikolaos Boehlein, Susan K. Plant Direct Original Research The enzyme ADP‐glucose pyrophosphorylase is essential for starch biosynthesis and is highly regulated. Here, mutations that increased heat stability and interactions with allosteric effectors were incorporated into the small subunit of the isoform known to be expressed at high levels in the maize endosperm. The resulting variants were transformed into maize with expression targeted to the endosperm. Transgenes harboring the changes increased yield some 35%; however, yield enhancement occurred via an increase in seed number rather than by increased seed weight. Interestingly, seed number increase is controlled by the genotype of the plant rather than the genotype of the seed as seeds increase in number whether or not they contain the transgene as long as the maternal parent has the transgene. The transgene is however expressed in the endosperm, and the altered allosteric and stability properties initially seen in Escherichia coli expression experiments are also seen with the endosperm‐expressed gene. The extent of seed number increase is positively correlated with the average daily high temperature during the first 4 days postpollination. While these results were unexpected, they echo the phenotypic changes caused by the insertion of an altered large subunit of this enzyme reported previously (Plant Cell, 24, 2012, 2352). These results call into question some of the reported fundamental differences separating starch synthesis in the endosperm vis‐à‐vis other plant tissues. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2017-12-07 /pmc/articles/PMC6508519/ /pubmed/31245677 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pld3.29 Text en © 2017 The Authors. Plant Direct published by American Society of Plant Biologists, Society for Experimental Biology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research
Hannah, L. Curtis
Shaw, Janine R.
Clancy, Maureen A.
Georgelis, Nikolaos
Boehlein, Susan K.
A brittle‐2 transgene increases maize yield by acting in maternal tissues to increase seed number
title A brittle‐2 transgene increases maize yield by acting in maternal tissues to increase seed number
title_full A brittle‐2 transgene increases maize yield by acting in maternal tissues to increase seed number
title_fullStr A brittle‐2 transgene increases maize yield by acting in maternal tissues to increase seed number
title_full_unstemmed A brittle‐2 transgene increases maize yield by acting in maternal tissues to increase seed number
title_short A brittle‐2 transgene increases maize yield by acting in maternal tissues to increase seed number
title_sort brittle‐2 transgene increases maize yield by acting in maternal tissues to increase seed number
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6508519/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31245677
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pld3.29
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