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Amyloid Beta and MicroRNAs in Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive mental illness characterized by memory loss and multiple cognitive impairments. In the last several decades, significant progress has been made in understanding basic biology, molecular mechanisms, and development of biomarkers and therapeutic drugs. Multipl...

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Autores principales: Amakiri, Nnana, Kubosumi, Aaron, Tran, James, Reddy, P. Hemachandra
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6510214/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31130840
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00430
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author Amakiri, Nnana
Kubosumi, Aaron
Tran, James
Reddy, P. Hemachandra
author_facet Amakiri, Nnana
Kubosumi, Aaron
Tran, James
Reddy, P. Hemachandra
author_sort Amakiri, Nnana
collection PubMed
description Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive mental illness characterized by memory loss and multiple cognitive impairments. In the last several decades, significant progress has been made in understanding basic biology, molecular mechanisms, and development of biomarkers and therapeutic drugs. Multiple cellular changes are implicated in the disease process including amyloid beta and phosphorylation of tau synaptic damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in AD. Among these, amyloid beta is considered a major player in the disease process. Recent advancements in molecular biology revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) are considered potential biomarkers in AD with a focus on amyloid beta. In this article we discussed several aspects of AD including its prevalence, classifications, risk factors, and amyloid species and their accumulation in subcellular compartments. This article also discusses the discovery and biogenesis of miRNAs and their relevance to AD. Today’s research continues to add to the wealth of miRNA data that has been accumulated, however, there still lacks clear-cut understanding of the physiological relevance of miRNAs to AD. MiRNAs appear to regulate translation of gene products in AD and other human diseases. However, the mechanism of how many of these miRNAs regulate both the 5′ and 3′UTR of amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing is still being extrapolated. Hence, we still need more research on miRNAs and APP/amyloid beta formation in the progression and pathogenesis of AD.
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spelling pubmed-65102142019-05-24 Amyloid Beta and MicroRNAs in Alzheimer’s Disease Amakiri, Nnana Kubosumi, Aaron Tran, James Reddy, P. Hemachandra Front Neurosci Neuroscience Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive mental illness characterized by memory loss and multiple cognitive impairments. In the last several decades, significant progress has been made in understanding basic biology, molecular mechanisms, and development of biomarkers and therapeutic drugs. Multiple cellular changes are implicated in the disease process including amyloid beta and phosphorylation of tau synaptic damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in AD. Among these, amyloid beta is considered a major player in the disease process. Recent advancements in molecular biology revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) are considered potential biomarkers in AD with a focus on amyloid beta. In this article we discussed several aspects of AD including its prevalence, classifications, risk factors, and amyloid species and their accumulation in subcellular compartments. This article also discusses the discovery and biogenesis of miRNAs and their relevance to AD. Today’s research continues to add to the wealth of miRNA data that has been accumulated, however, there still lacks clear-cut understanding of the physiological relevance of miRNAs to AD. MiRNAs appear to regulate translation of gene products in AD and other human diseases. However, the mechanism of how many of these miRNAs regulate both the 5′ and 3′UTR of amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing is still being extrapolated. Hence, we still need more research on miRNAs and APP/amyloid beta formation in the progression and pathogenesis of AD. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-05-03 /pmc/articles/PMC6510214/ /pubmed/31130840 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00430 Text en Copyright © 2019 Amakiri, Kubosumi, Tran and Reddy. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Amakiri, Nnana
Kubosumi, Aaron
Tran, James
Reddy, P. Hemachandra
Amyloid Beta and MicroRNAs in Alzheimer’s Disease
title Amyloid Beta and MicroRNAs in Alzheimer’s Disease
title_full Amyloid Beta and MicroRNAs in Alzheimer’s Disease
title_fullStr Amyloid Beta and MicroRNAs in Alzheimer’s Disease
title_full_unstemmed Amyloid Beta and MicroRNAs in Alzheimer’s Disease
title_short Amyloid Beta and MicroRNAs in Alzheimer’s Disease
title_sort amyloid beta and micrornas in alzheimer’s disease
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6510214/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31130840
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00430
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