Relationship between foot morphology and toe muscle strength in female university students

[Purpose] The purpose was to clarify the relationship between foot morphology and toe muscle strength in female university students. [Participants and Methods] Data from 103 female university students (age, 20.4 ± 1.6 years) on height, body weight, pain in the foot and toes, heel height (cm) of shoes worn in everyday life, and the number of times (per week) shoes with heels ≥3 cm were worn were collected. The hallux valgus angle and medial longitudinal arch height ratio of the foot were measured, and toe muscle strength was evaluated according to the strength of the toe flexor and abductor hallucis muscles. [Results] Arch height ratio was significantly lower with hallux valgus angle ≥16°. In the 206 feet, a very weak negative correlation was found between hallux valgus angle and arch height ratio. In 150 feet with hallux valgus angle <16°, a very weak correlation was found between toe flexor strength and arch height ratio. [Conclusion] Body mass index was within the normal range, and the period of wearing high-heeled shoes was short; these factors have no effect on hallux valgus angle. Hallux valgus may be prevented by increasing toe flexor strength to prevent downward movement of the navicular and first cuneiform bones.