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The Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors in Health and Disease

The Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors (NCRs), NKp46, NKp44, and NKp30, were some of the first human activating Natural Killer (NK) cell receptors involved in the non-MHC-restricted recognition of tumor cells to be cloned over 20 years ago. Since this time many host- and pathogen-encoded ligands have be...

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Autores principales: Barrow, Alexander David, Martin, Claudia Jane, Colonna, Marco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6514059/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31134055
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.00909
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author Barrow, Alexander David
Martin, Claudia Jane
Colonna, Marco
author_facet Barrow, Alexander David
Martin, Claudia Jane
Colonna, Marco
author_sort Barrow, Alexander David
collection PubMed
description The Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors (NCRs), NKp46, NKp44, and NKp30, were some of the first human activating Natural Killer (NK) cell receptors involved in the non-MHC-restricted recognition of tumor cells to be cloned over 20 years ago. Since this time many host- and pathogen-encoded ligands have been proposed to bind the NCRs and regulate the cytotoxic and cytokine-secreting functions of tissue NK cells. This diverse set of NCR ligands can manifest on the surface of tumor or virus-infected cells or can be secreted extracellularly, suggesting a remarkable NCR polyfunctionality that regulates the activity of NK cells in different tissue compartments during steady state or inflammation. Moreover, the NCRs can also be expressed by other innate and adaptive immune cell subsets under certain tissue conditions potentially conferring NK recognition programs to these cells. Here we review NCR biology in health and disease with particular reference to how this important class of receptors regulates the functions of tissue NK cells as well as confer NK cell recognition patterns to other innate and adaptive lymphocyte subsets. Finally, we highlight how NCR biology is being harnessed for novel therapeutic interventions particularly for enhanced tumor surveillance.
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spelling pubmed-65140592019-05-27 The Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors in Health and Disease Barrow, Alexander David Martin, Claudia Jane Colonna, Marco Front Immunol Immunology The Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors (NCRs), NKp46, NKp44, and NKp30, were some of the first human activating Natural Killer (NK) cell receptors involved in the non-MHC-restricted recognition of tumor cells to be cloned over 20 years ago. Since this time many host- and pathogen-encoded ligands have been proposed to bind the NCRs and regulate the cytotoxic and cytokine-secreting functions of tissue NK cells. This diverse set of NCR ligands can manifest on the surface of tumor or virus-infected cells or can be secreted extracellularly, suggesting a remarkable NCR polyfunctionality that regulates the activity of NK cells in different tissue compartments during steady state or inflammation. Moreover, the NCRs can also be expressed by other innate and adaptive immune cell subsets under certain tissue conditions potentially conferring NK recognition programs to these cells. Here we review NCR biology in health and disease with particular reference to how this important class of receptors regulates the functions of tissue NK cells as well as confer NK cell recognition patterns to other innate and adaptive lymphocyte subsets. Finally, we highlight how NCR biology is being harnessed for novel therapeutic interventions particularly for enhanced tumor surveillance. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-05-07 /pmc/articles/PMC6514059/ /pubmed/31134055 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.00909 Text en Copyright © 2019 Barrow, Martin and Colonna. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Barrow, Alexander David
Martin, Claudia Jane
Colonna, Marco
The Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors in Health and Disease
title The Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors in Health and Disease
title_full The Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors in Health and Disease
title_fullStr The Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors in Health and Disease
title_full_unstemmed The Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors in Health and Disease
title_short The Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors in Health and Disease
title_sort natural cytotoxicity receptors in health and disease
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6514059/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31134055
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.00909
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