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Role of Neuron–Glia Signaling in Regulation of Retinal Vascular Tone in Rats

The interactions between neuronal, glial, and vascular cells play a key role in regulating blood flow in the retina. In the present study, we examined the role of the interactions between neuronal and glial cells in regulating the retinal vascular tone in rats upon stimulation of retinal neuronal ce...

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Autores principales: Someya, Eriko, Akagawa, Mari, Mori, Asami, Morita, Akane, Yui, Natsuko, Asano, Daiki, Sakamoto, Kenji, Nakahara, Tsutomu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6514555/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31010057
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20081952
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author Someya, Eriko
Akagawa, Mari
Mori, Asami
Morita, Akane
Yui, Natsuko
Asano, Daiki
Sakamoto, Kenji
Nakahara, Tsutomu
author_facet Someya, Eriko
Akagawa, Mari
Mori, Asami
Morita, Akane
Yui, Natsuko
Asano, Daiki
Sakamoto, Kenji
Nakahara, Tsutomu
author_sort Someya, Eriko
collection PubMed
description The interactions between neuronal, glial, and vascular cells play a key role in regulating blood flow in the retina. In the present study, we examined the role of the interactions between neuronal and glial cells in regulating the retinal vascular tone in rats upon stimulation of retinal neuronal cells by intravitreal injection of N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA). The retinal vascular response was assessed by measuring the diameter of the retinal arterioles in the in vivo fundus images. Intravitreal injection of NMDA produced retinal vasodilation that was significantly diminished following the pharmacological inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (nNOS), loss of inner retinal neurons, or intravitreal injection of glial toxins. Immunohistochemistry revealed the expression of nNOS in ganglion and calretinin-positive amacrine cells. Moreover, glial toxins significantly prevented the retinal vasodilator response induced by intravitreal injection of NOR3, an NO donor. Mechanistic analysis revealed that NO enhanced the production of vasodilatory prostanoids and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids in glial cells in a ryanodine receptor type 1-dependent manner, subsequently inducing the retinal vasodilator response. These results suggest that the NO released from stimulated neuronal cells acts as a key messenger in neuron–glia signaling, thereby causing neuronal activity-dependent and glial cell-mediated vasodilation in the retina.
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spelling pubmed-65145552019-05-30 Role of Neuron–Glia Signaling in Regulation of Retinal Vascular Tone in Rats Someya, Eriko Akagawa, Mari Mori, Asami Morita, Akane Yui, Natsuko Asano, Daiki Sakamoto, Kenji Nakahara, Tsutomu Int J Mol Sci Article The interactions between neuronal, glial, and vascular cells play a key role in regulating blood flow in the retina. In the present study, we examined the role of the interactions between neuronal and glial cells in regulating the retinal vascular tone in rats upon stimulation of retinal neuronal cells by intravitreal injection of N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA). The retinal vascular response was assessed by measuring the diameter of the retinal arterioles in the in vivo fundus images. Intravitreal injection of NMDA produced retinal vasodilation that was significantly diminished following the pharmacological inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (nNOS), loss of inner retinal neurons, or intravitreal injection of glial toxins. Immunohistochemistry revealed the expression of nNOS in ganglion and calretinin-positive amacrine cells. Moreover, glial toxins significantly prevented the retinal vasodilator response induced by intravitreal injection of NOR3, an NO donor. Mechanistic analysis revealed that NO enhanced the production of vasodilatory prostanoids and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids in glial cells in a ryanodine receptor type 1-dependent manner, subsequently inducing the retinal vasodilator response. These results suggest that the NO released from stimulated neuronal cells acts as a key messenger in neuron–glia signaling, thereby causing neuronal activity-dependent and glial cell-mediated vasodilation in the retina. MDPI 2019-04-20 /pmc/articles/PMC6514555/ /pubmed/31010057 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20081952 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Someya, Eriko
Akagawa, Mari
Mori, Asami
Morita, Akane
Yui, Natsuko
Asano, Daiki
Sakamoto, Kenji
Nakahara, Tsutomu
Role of Neuron–Glia Signaling in Regulation of Retinal Vascular Tone in Rats
title Role of Neuron–Glia Signaling in Regulation of Retinal Vascular Tone in Rats
title_full Role of Neuron–Glia Signaling in Regulation of Retinal Vascular Tone in Rats
title_fullStr Role of Neuron–Glia Signaling in Regulation of Retinal Vascular Tone in Rats
title_full_unstemmed Role of Neuron–Glia Signaling in Regulation of Retinal Vascular Tone in Rats
title_short Role of Neuron–Glia Signaling in Regulation of Retinal Vascular Tone in Rats
title_sort role of neuron–glia signaling in regulation of retinal vascular tone in rats
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6514555/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31010057
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20081952
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