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Microplastics Detection in Streaming Tap Water with Raman Spectroscopy
Microplastic particles have been found in drinking water sources worldwide and, thus, also in our food and beverages. Especially small microplastics, with sizes of 1 mm and less, cannot be identified reliably without spectroscopic means such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) or Raman...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6515371/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31003396 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19081839 |
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author | Kniggendorf, Ann-Kathrin Wetzel, Christoph Roth, Bernhard |
author_facet | Kniggendorf, Ann-Kathrin Wetzel, Christoph Roth, Bernhard |
author_sort | Kniggendorf, Ann-Kathrin |
collection | PubMed |
description | Microplastic particles have been found in drinking water sources worldwide and, thus, also in our food and beverages. Especially small microplastics, with sizes of 1 mm and less, cannot be identified reliably without spectroscopic means such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) or Raman spectroscopy, usually applied to the particles extracted from the samples. However, for drinking and tap water, with its comparatively low biological loads, direct observation may be possible and allows a point-of-entry monitoring for beverages and food to ensure uncontaminated drinking water is being used. In a proof of concept, we apply Raman spectroscopy to observe individual microplastic particles in tap water with added particulate and fluorescent contaminants streaming with 1 L/h through a custom-made flow cell. We evaluated several tubing materials for compatibility with microplastic suspensions containing three different polymers widely found in microplastic surveys worldwide. The experiment promises the monitoring of streaming tap water and even clear surface waters for microplastics smaller than 0.1 mm. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6515371 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-65153712019-05-30 Microplastics Detection in Streaming Tap Water with Raman Spectroscopy Kniggendorf, Ann-Kathrin Wetzel, Christoph Roth, Bernhard Sensors (Basel) Article Microplastic particles have been found in drinking water sources worldwide and, thus, also in our food and beverages. Especially small microplastics, with sizes of 1 mm and less, cannot be identified reliably without spectroscopic means such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) or Raman spectroscopy, usually applied to the particles extracted from the samples. However, for drinking and tap water, with its comparatively low biological loads, direct observation may be possible and allows a point-of-entry monitoring for beverages and food to ensure uncontaminated drinking water is being used. In a proof of concept, we apply Raman spectroscopy to observe individual microplastic particles in tap water with added particulate and fluorescent contaminants streaming with 1 L/h through a custom-made flow cell. We evaluated several tubing materials for compatibility with microplastic suspensions containing three different polymers widely found in microplastic surveys worldwide. The experiment promises the monitoring of streaming tap water and even clear surface waters for microplastics smaller than 0.1 mm. MDPI 2019-04-18 /pmc/articles/PMC6515371/ /pubmed/31003396 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19081839 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Kniggendorf, Ann-Kathrin Wetzel, Christoph Roth, Bernhard Microplastics Detection in Streaming Tap Water with Raman Spectroscopy |
title | Microplastics Detection in Streaming Tap Water with Raman Spectroscopy |
title_full | Microplastics Detection in Streaming Tap Water with Raman Spectroscopy |
title_fullStr | Microplastics Detection in Streaming Tap Water with Raman Spectroscopy |
title_full_unstemmed | Microplastics Detection in Streaming Tap Water with Raman Spectroscopy |
title_short | Microplastics Detection in Streaming Tap Water with Raman Spectroscopy |
title_sort | microplastics detection in streaming tap water with raman spectroscopy |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6515371/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31003396 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19081839 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT kniggendorfannkathrin microplasticsdetectioninstreamingtapwaterwithramanspectroscopy AT wetzelchristoph microplasticsdetectioninstreamingtapwaterwithramanspectroscopy AT rothbernhard microplasticsdetectioninstreamingtapwaterwithramanspectroscopy |