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Probiotics: If It Does Not Help It Does Not Do Any Harm. Really?
Probiotics per definition should have beneficial effects on human health, and their consumption has tremendously increased in the last decades. In parallel, the amount of published material and claims for their beneficial efficacy soared continuously. Recently, multiple systemic reviews, meta-analys...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6517882/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30979072 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7040104 |
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author | Lerner, Aaron Shoenfeld, Yehuda Matthias, Torsten |
author_facet | Lerner, Aaron Shoenfeld, Yehuda Matthias, Torsten |
author_sort | Lerner, Aaron |
collection | PubMed |
description | Probiotics per definition should have beneficial effects on human health, and their consumption has tremendously increased in the last decades. In parallel, the amount of published material and claims for their beneficial efficacy soared continuously. Recently, multiple systemic reviews, meta-analyses, and expert opinions expressed criticism on their claimed effects and safety. The present review describes the dark side of the probiotics, in terms of problematic research design, incomplete reporting, lack of transparency, and under-reported safety. Highlighted are the potential virulent factors and the mode of action in the intestinal lumen, risking the physiological microbiome equilibrium. Finally, regulatory topics are discussed to lighten the heterogeneous guidelines applied worldwide. The shift in the scientific world towards a better understanding of the human microbiome, before consumption of the probiotic cargo, is highly endorsed. It is hoped that better knowledge will extend the probiotic repertoire, re-confirm efficacy or safety, establish their efficacy and substantiate their beneficial effects. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6517882 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-65178822019-05-31 Probiotics: If It Does Not Help It Does Not Do Any Harm. Really? Lerner, Aaron Shoenfeld, Yehuda Matthias, Torsten Microorganisms Review Probiotics per definition should have beneficial effects on human health, and their consumption has tremendously increased in the last decades. In parallel, the amount of published material and claims for their beneficial efficacy soared continuously. Recently, multiple systemic reviews, meta-analyses, and expert opinions expressed criticism on their claimed effects and safety. The present review describes the dark side of the probiotics, in terms of problematic research design, incomplete reporting, lack of transparency, and under-reported safety. Highlighted are the potential virulent factors and the mode of action in the intestinal lumen, risking the physiological microbiome equilibrium. Finally, regulatory topics are discussed to lighten the heterogeneous guidelines applied worldwide. The shift in the scientific world towards a better understanding of the human microbiome, before consumption of the probiotic cargo, is highly endorsed. It is hoped that better knowledge will extend the probiotic repertoire, re-confirm efficacy or safety, establish their efficacy and substantiate their beneficial effects. MDPI 2019-04-11 /pmc/articles/PMC6517882/ /pubmed/30979072 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7040104 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Lerner, Aaron Shoenfeld, Yehuda Matthias, Torsten Probiotics: If It Does Not Help It Does Not Do Any Harm. Really? |
title | Probiotics: If It Does Not Help It Does Not Do Any Harm. Really? |
title_full | Probiotics: If It Does Not Help It Does Not Do Any Harm. Really? |
title_fullStr | Probiotics: If It Does Not Help It Does Not Do Any Harm. Really? |
title_full_unstemmed | Probiotics: If It Does Not Help It Does Not Do Any Harm. Really? |
title_short | Probiotics: If It Does Not Help It Does Not Do Any Harm. Really? |
title_sort | probiotics: if it does not help it does not do any harm. really? |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6517882/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30979072 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7040104 |
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