Prevalence of periodontitis in patients with pulmonary disease: A cross-sectional survey in the industrial district of India

BACKGROUND: Evidence state that periodontitis may have a contributory role in the onset and progression of pulmonary diseases. However, very limited data are available till date, studying the coexistence of both the conditions. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: The aim and objective of this study are to determine the prevalence of periodontitis among patients affected with various pulmonary diseases in Moradabad District, Uttar Pradesh, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 700 patients suffering from pulmonary diseases including tuberculosis (TB), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or pneumonia within the age group of 12–70 years were selected for the study. A detailed case-history for both pulmonary and periodontal status was taken. Periodontal Disease Index and Periodontal Index for Risk of Infectiousness were recorded for all patients. The scores were calculated and subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS: Individuals with pulmonary diseases showed a statistically significant prevalence of periodontal disease with higher values of periodontal disease index (31%) and periodontal index for risk of infectiousness (55%) at P < 0.05. Patients suffering from TB within the age group of 51–60 (42%) showed the highest prevalence of periodontitis with a more number of males (43%) being affected as compared to females at P < 0.01. CONCLUSION: Most of the study population was diagnosed with periodontitis with a higher proportion categorized under high-risk category as per PIRI scores.