Cargando…

Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Operate by Different Mechanisms to Modulate Hepatic Steatosis and Hyperinsulemia in fa/fa Zucker Rats

Hepatic steatosis, an early stage of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, is commonly present in obesity and type 2 diabetes, and is associated with reduced hepatic omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n3-PUFA) status that impacts on the anti-inflammatory and insulin sensitizing functions of n3-PUFA. O...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Hong, Lena, Zahradka, Peter, Cordero-Monroy, Luis, Wright, Brenda, Taylor, Carla G.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6521162/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31022865
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11040917
_version_ 1783418893367246848
author Hong, Lena
Zahradka, Peter
Cordero-Monroy, Luis
Wright, Brenda
Taylor, Carla G.
author_facet Hong, Lena
Zahradka, Peter
Cordero-Monroy, Luis
Wright, Brenda
Taylor, Carla G.
author_sort Hong, Lena
collection PubMed
description Hepatic steatosis, an early stage of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, is commonly present in obesity and type 2 diabetes, and is associated with reduced hepatic omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n3-PUFA) status that impacts on the anti-inflammatory and insulin sensitizing functions of n3-PUFA. Our objective was to directly compare plant- and marine-based n3-PUFA (α-linoleic acid (ALA)), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) for their effects on hepatic steatosis, markers of hepatic inflammation and fibrosis, and insulinemia in obese rats. Fa/fa Zucker rats were provided diets containing ALA, EPA, DHA, or linoleic acid (LA, n6-PUFA) for eight weeks and compared to baseline fa/fa rats and lean Zucker rats fed LA-rich diet for eight weeks. Both DHA and EPA groups had liver lipid similar to baseline, however, DHA was more effective than EPA for reducing hepatic fatty acid synthase (FAS), increasing the proportion of smaller lipid droplets, reversing early fibrotic damage, and reducing fasting hyperinsulinemia. EPA was more effective for reducing FoxO1. Dietary ALA did not attenuate hepatic steatosis, most inflammatory markers or FAS. In summary, amongst the n3-PUFA, DHA was the most effective for elevating hepatic DHA levels, and preventing progression of hepatic steatosis via reductions in FAS and a marker of fibrosis.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6521162
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2019
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-65211622019-05-31 Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Operate by Different Mechanisms to Modulate Hepatic Steatosis and Hyperinsulemia in fa/fa Zucker Rats Hong, Lena Zahradka, Peter Cordero-Monroy, Luis Wright, Brenda Taylor, Carla G. Nutrients Article Hepatic steatosis, an early stage of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, is commonly present in obesity and type 2 diabetes, and is associated with reduced hepatic omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n3-PUFA) status that impacts on the anti-inflammatory and insulin sensitizing functions of n3-PUFA. Our objective was to directly compare plant- and marine-based n3-PUFA (α-linoleic acid (ALA)), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) for their effects on hepatic steatosis, markers of hepatic inflammation and fibrosis, and insulinemia in obese rats. Fa/fa Zucker rats were provided diets containing ALA, EPA, DHA, or linoleic acid (LA, n6-PUFA) for eight weeks and compared to baseline fa/fa rats and lean Zucker rats fed LA-rich diet for eight weeks. Both DHA and EPA groups had liver lipid similar to baseline, however, DHA was more effective than EPA for reducing hepatic fatty acid synthase (FAS), increasing the proportion of smaller lipid droplets, reversing early fibrotic damage, and reducing fasting hyperinsulinemia. EPA was more effective for reducing FoxO1. Dietary ALA did not attenuate hepatic steatosis, most inflammatory markers or FAS. In summary, amongst the n3-PUFA, DHA was the most effective for elevating hepatic DHA levels, and preventing progression of hepatic steatosis via reductions in FAS and a marker of fibrosis. MDPI 2019-04-24 /pmc/articles/PMC6521162/ /pubmed/31022865 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11040917 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Hong, Lena
Zahradka, Peter
Cordero-Monroy, Luis
Wright, Brenda
Taylor, Carla G.
Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Operate by Different Mechanisms to Modulate Hepatic Steatosis and Hyperinsulemia in fa/fa Zucker Rats
title Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Operate by Different Mechanisms to Modulate Hepatic Steatosis and Hyperinsulemia in fa/fa Zucker Rats
title_full Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Operate by Different Mechanisms to Modulate Hepatic Steatosis and Hyperinsulemia in fa/fa Zucker Rats
title_fullStr Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Operate by Different Mechanisms to Modulate Hepatic Steatosis and Hyperinsulemia in fa/fa Zucker Rats
title_full_unstemmed Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Operate by Different Mechanisms to Modulate Hepatic Steatosis and Hyperinsulemia in fa/fa Zucker Rats
title_short Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) Operate by Different Mechanisms to Modulate Hepatic Steatosis and Hyperinsulemia in fa/fa Zucker Rats
title_sort dietary docosahexaenoic acid (dha) and eicosapentaenoic acid (epa) operate by different mechanisms to modulate hepatic steatosis and hyperinsulemia in fa/fa zucker rats
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6521162/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31022865
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11040917
work_keys_str_mv AT honglena dietarydocosahexaenoicaciddhaandeicosapentaenoicacidepaoperatebydifferentmechanismstomodulatehepaticsteatosisandhyperinsulemiainfafazuckerrats
AT zahradkapeter dietarydocosahexaenoicaciddhaandeicosapentaenoicacidepaoperatebydifferentmechanismstomodulatehepaticsteatosisandhyperinsulemiainfafazuckerrats
AT corderomonroyluis dietarydocosahexaenoicaciddhaandeicosapentaenoicacidepaoperatebydifferentmechanismstomodulatehepaticsteatosisandhyperinsulemiainfafazuckerrats
AT wrightbrenda dietarydocosahexaenoicaciddhaandeicosapentaenoicacidepaoperatebydifferentmechanismstomodulatehepaticsteatosisandhyperinsulemiainfafazuckerrats
AT taylorcarlag dietarydocosahexaenoicaciddhaandeicosapentaenoicacidepaoperatebydifferentmechanismstomodulatehepaticsteatosisandhyperinsulemiainfafazuckerrats