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Organellar DNA Polymerases in Complex Plastid-Bearing Algae

DNA replication in plastids and mitochondria is generally regulated by nucleus-encoded proteins. In plants and red algae, a nucleus-encoded enzyme called POP (plant and protist organellar DNA polymerase) is involved in DNA replication in both organelles by virtue of its dual localization. POPs are f...

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Autores principales: Hirakawa, Yoshihisa, Watanabe, Arisa
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6523293/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30959949
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom9040140
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author Hirakawa, Yoshihisa
Watanabe, Arisa
author_facet Hirakawa, Yoshihisa
Watanabe, Arisa
author_sort Hirakawa, Yoshihisa
collection PubMed
description DNA replication in plastids and mitochondria is generally regulated by nucleus-encoded proteins. In plants and red algae, a nucleus-encoded enzyme called POP (plant and protist organellar DNA polymerase) is involved in DNA replication in both organelles by virtue of its dual localization. POPs are family A DNA polymerases, which include bacterial DNA polymerase I (PolI). POP homologs have been found in a wide range of eukaryotes, including plants, algae, and non-photosynthetic protists. However, the phylogeny and subcellular localizations of POPs remain unclear in many algae, especially in secondary and tertiary plastid-bearing groups. In this study, we report that chlorarachniophytes possess two evolutionarily distinct POPs, and fluorescent protein-tagging experiments demonstrate that they are targeted to the secondary plastids and mitochondria, respectively. The timing of DNA replication is different between the two organelles in the chlorarachniophyte Bigelowiella natans, and this seems to be correlated to the transcription of respective POP genes. Dinoflagellates also carry two distinct POP genes, possibly for their plastids and mitochondria, whereas haptophytes and ochrophytes have only one. Therefore, unlike plants, some algal groups are likely to have evolved multiple DNA polymerases for various organelles. This study provides a new insight into the evolution of organellar DNA replication in complex plastid-bearing organisms.
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spelling pubmed-65232932019-06-03 Organellar DNA Polymerases in Complex Plastid-Bearing Algae Hirakawa, Yoshihisa Watanabe, Arisa Biomolecules Article DNA replication in plastids and mitochondria is generally regulated by nucleus-encoded proteins. In plants and red algae, a nucleus-encoded enzyme called POP (plant and protist organellar DNA polymerase) is involved in DNA replication in both organelles by virtue of its dual localization. POPs are family A DNA polymerases, which include bacterial DNA polymerase I (PolI). POP homologs have been found in a wide range of eukaryotes, including plants, algae, and non-photosynthetic protists. However, the phylogeny and subcellular localizations of POPs remain unclear in many algae, especially in secondary and tertiary plastid-bearing groups. In this study, we report that chlorarachniophytes possess two evolutionarily distinct POPs, and fluorescent protein-tagging experiments demonstrate that they are targeted to the secondary plastids and mitochondria, respectively. The timing of DNA replication is different between the two organelles in the chlorarachniophyte Bigelowiella natans, and this seems to be correlated to the transcription of respective POP genes. Dinoflagellates also carry two distinct POP genes, possibly for their plastids and mitochondria, whereas haptophytes and ochrophytes have only one. Therefore, unlike plants, some algal groups are likely to have evolved multiple DNA polymerases for various organelles. This study provides a new insight into the evolution of organellar DNA replication in complex plastid-bearing organisms. MDPI 2019-04-07 /pmc/articles/PMC6523293/ /pubmed/30959949 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom9040140 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Hirakawa, Yoshihisa
Watanabe, Arisa
Organellar DNA Polymerases in Complex Plastid-Bearing Algae
title Organellar DNA Polymerases in Complex Plastid-Bearing Algae
title_full Organellar DNA Polymerases in Complex Plastid-Bearing Algae
title_fullStr Organellar DNA Polymerases in Complex Plastid-Bearing Algae
title_full_unstemmed Organellar DNA Polymerases in Complex Plastid-Bearing Algae
title_short Organellar DNA Polymerases in Complex Plastid-Bearing Algae
title_sort organellar dna polymerases in complex plastid-bearing algae
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6523293/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30959949
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom9040140
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