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A review on hepatitis D: From virology to new therapies

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective virus that requires the hepatitis B virus (HBV) to complete its life cycle in human hepatocytes. HDV virions contain an envelope incorporating HBV surface antigen protein and a ribonucleoprotein containing the viral circular single-stranded RNA genome assoc...

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Autores principales: Mentha, Nathalie, Clément, Sophie, Negro, Francesco, Alfaiate, Dulce
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6526199/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31193285
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2019.03.009
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author Mentha, Nathalie
Clément, Sophie
Negro, Francesco
Alfaiate, Dulce
author_facet Mentha, Nathalie
Clément, Sophie
Negro, Francesco
Alfaiate, Dulce
author_sort Mentha, Nathalie
collection PubMed
description Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective virus that requires the hepatitis B virus (HBV) to complete its life cycle in human hepatocytes. HDV virions contain an envelope incorporating HBV surface antigen protein and a ribonucleoprotein containing the viral circular single-stranded RNA genome associated with both forms of hepatitis delta antigen, the only viral encoded protein. Replication is mediated by the host cell DNA-dependent RNA polymerases. HDV infects up to72 million people worldwide and is associated with an increased risk of severe and rapidly progressive liver disease. Pegylated interferon-alpha is still the only available treatment for chronic hepatitis D, with poor tolerance and dismal success rate. Although the development of antivirals inhibiting the viral replication is challenging, as HDV does not possess its own polymerase, several antiviral molecules targeting other steps of the viral life cycle are currently under clinical development: Myrcludex B, which blocks HDV entry into hepatocytes, lonafarnib, a prenylation inhibitor that prevents virion assembly, and finally REP 2139, which is thought to inhibit HBsAg release from hepatocytes and interact with hepatitis delta antigen. This review updates the epidemiology, virology and management of HDV infection.
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spelling pubmed-65261992019-05-28 A review on hepatitis D: From virology to new therapies Mentha, Nathalie Clément, Sophie Negro, Francesco Alfaiate, Dulce J Adv Res Review Article Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective virus that requires the hepatitis B virus (HBV) to complete its life cycle in human hepatocytes. HDV virions contain an envelope incorporating HBV surface antigen protein and a ribonucleoprotein containing the viral circular single-stranded RNA genome associated with both forms of hepatitis delta antigen, the only viral encoded protein. Replication is mediated by the host cell DNA-dependent RNA polymerases. HDV infects up to72 million people worldwide and is associated with an increased risk of severe and rapidly progressive liver disease. Pegylated interferon-alpha is still the only available treatment for chronic hepatitis D, with poor tolerance and dismal success rate. Although the development of antivirals inhibiting the viral replication is challenging, as HDV does not possess its own polymerase, several antiviral molecules targeting other steps of the viral life cycle are currently under clinical development: Myrcludex B, which blocks HDV entry into hepatocytes, lonafarnib, a prenylation inhibitor that prevents virion assembly, and finally REP 2139, which is thought to inhibit HBsAg release from hepatocytes and interact with hepatitis delta antigen. This review updates the epidemiology, virology and management of HDV infection. Elsevier 2019-03-29 /pmc/articles/PMC6526199/ /pubmed/31193285 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2019.03.009 Text en © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Cairo University. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review Article
Mentha, Nathalie
Clément, Sophie
Negro, Francesco
Alfaiate, Dulce
A review on hepatitis D: From virology to new therapies
title A review on hepatitis D: From virology to new therapies
title_full A review on hepatitis D: From virology to new therapies
title_fullStr A review on hepatitis D: From virology to new therapies
title_full_unstemmed A review on hepatitis D: From virology to new therapies
title_short A review on hepatitis D: From virology to new therapies
title_sort review on hepatitis d: from virology to new therapies
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6526199/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31193285
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2019.03.009
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