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Nuclear Receptors Regulate Intestinal Inflammation in the Context of IBD

Gastrointestinal (GI) homeostasis is strongly dependent on nuclear receptor (NR) functions. They play a variety of roles ranging from nutrient uptake, sensing of microbial metabolites, regulation of epithelial intestinal cell integrity to shaping of the intestinal immune cell repertoire. Several NRs...

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Autores principales: Klepsch, Victoria, Moschen, Alexander R., Tilg, Herbert, Baier, Gottfried, Hermann-Kleiter, Natascha
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6527601/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31139192
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01070
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author Klepsch, Victoria
Moschen, Alexander R.
Tilg, Herbert
Baier, Gottfried
Hermann-Kleiter, Natascha
author_facet Klepsch, Victoria
Moschen, Alexander R.
Tilg, Herbert
Baier, Gottfried
Hermann-Kleiter, Natascha
author_sort Klepsch, Victoria
collection PubMed
description Gastrointestinal (GI) homeostasis is strongly dependent on nuclear receptor (NR) functions. They play a variety of roles ranging from nutrient uptake, sensing of microbial metabolites, regulation of epithelial intestinal cell integrity to shaping of the intestinal immune cell repertoire. Several NRs are associated with GI pathologies; therefore, systematic analysis of NR biology, the underlying molecular mechanisms, and regulation of target genes can be expected to help greatly in uncovering the course of GI diseases. Recently, an increasing number of NRs has been validated as potential drug targets for therapeutic intervention in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Besides the classical glucocorticoids, especially PPARγ, VDR, or PXR-selective ligands are currently being tested with promising results in clinical IBD trials. Also, several pre-clinical animal studies are being performed with NRs. This review focuses on the complex biology of NRs and their context-dependent anti- or pro-inflammatory activities in the regulation of gastrointestinal barrier with special attention to NRs already pharmacologically targeted in clinic and pre-clinical IBD treatment regimens.
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spelling pubmed-65276012019-05-28 Nuclear Receptors Regulate Intestinal Inflammation in the Context of IBD Klepsch, Victoria Moschen, Alexander R. Tilg, Herbert Baier, Gottfried Hermann-Kleiter, Natascha Front Immunol Immunology Gastrointestinal (GI) homeostasis is strongly dependent on nuclear receptor (NR) functions. They play a variety of roles ranging from nutrient uptake, sensing of microbial metabolites, regulation of epithelial intestinal cell integrity to shaping of the intestinal immune cell repertoire. Several NRs are associated with GI pathologies; therefore, systematic analysis of NR biology, the underlying molecular mechanisms, and regulation of target genes can be expected to help greatly in uncovering the course of GI diseases. Recently, an increasing number of NRs has been validated as potential drug targets for therapeutic intervention in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Besides the classical glucocorticoids, especially PPARγ, VDR, or PXR-selective ligands are currently being tested with promising results in clinical IBD trials. Also, several pre-clinical animal studies are being performed with NRs. This review focuses on the complex biology of NRs and their context-dependent anti- or pro-inflammatory activities in the regulation of gastrointestinal barrier with special attention to NRs already pharmacologically targeted in clinic and pre-clinical IBD treatment regimens. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-05-14 /pmc/articles/PMC6527601/ /pubmed/31139192 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01070 Text en Copyright © 2019 Klepsch, Moschen, Tilg, Baier and Hermann-Kleiter. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Klepsch, Victoria
Moschen, Alexander R.
Tilg, Herbert
Baier, Gottfried
Hermann-Kleiter, Natascha
Nuclear Receptors Regulate Intestinal Inflammation in the Context of IBD
title Nuclear Receptors Regulate Intestinal Inflammation in the Context of IBD
title_full Nuclear Receptors Regulate Intestinal Inflammation in the Context of IBD
title_fullStr Nuclear Receptors Regulate Intestinal Inflammation in the Context of IBD
title_full_unstemmed Nuclear Receptors Regulate Intestinal Inflammation in the Context of IBD
title_short Nuclear Receptors Regulate Intestinal Inflammation in the Context of IBD
title_sort nuclear receptors regulate intestinal inflammation in the context of ibd
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6527601/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31139192
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01070
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