Dose-related healing of artificial ulcers after endoscopic submucosal dissection using esomeprazole: A randomized controlled study

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a standard procedure for treating gastric neoplasms. However, ESD causes larger artificial ulcers other than mucosal resection methods. We conducted this prospective randomized controlled study to evaluate the effect of stronger acid suppression on ESD ulcers caused by doubling the proton pump inhibitor (PPI) dose and compare the effects of 20-mg (standard dose) and 40-mg (double dose) esomeprazole (EswonampTM, Daewon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea) on ulcer healing. METHODS: One hundred ninety-seven patients who underwent gastric ESD from July 2017 to December 2017 at Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital were enrolled and randomly assigned to the standard or double-dose group. Change in ulcer size from the day of ESD to 4 weeks after ESD and the scar-change rate were compared between the groups. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in ulcer contraction (84.5% in 20 mg group vs 86.3% in 40 mg group, P = .91) or scar-change rate (30.9% vs 30.6%, P > .99) between the groups. In a multivariate analysis, initial ulcer size [odds ratio (OR) 0.24; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.11–0.50] and early gastric cancer (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.08–0.58) were significantly associated with delayed ulcer healing. CONCLUSIONS: Both 40 and 20-mg esomeprazole have similar effects on ESD-induced ulcer area reduction, suggesting that strong acid suppression does not necessarily result in rapid artificial ulcer healing. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: RCT no.: KCT0002885