The histaminergic control of the iridal vascular tone in rats and its influencing by topical administration of olopatadine and ranitidine

Objective. We evaluated the histamine’s role in regulating the iris vasomotricity in rats, using as a research tool topical olopatadine, a selective H1 blocker, which is indicated for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis and ranitidine, a selective H2 blocker mainly used for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. Methods. Two groups of six Wistar rats anesthetized with ketamine 200 mg/kg body weight were used. They received distilled water in conjunctival instillations, initially and after 5 minutes, olopatadine 2.5 mmol/ l for the first group, respectively ranitidine 2.5 mmol/ l for the second group. The changes of the iris arteriolar and venular diameters were recorded. Results. Both olopatadine and ranitidine produced statistically significant iridal arteriolar vasoconstriction and ranitidine determined statistically significant venuloconstriction, while distilled water did not produce any statistically significant effect. Conclusions. There is a vasodilator histaminergic tone exerted through the histaminergic H1 and H2 receptors in the iris arterioles and, respectively, through the H2 receptors in the iridal venules. Olopatadine, a topical H1 antagonist used in the treatment of ocular allergies, may interfere with the humoral regulation of the iris arteriolar tone. Ranitidine, an H2 antagonist, decreased the diameter of the iris arterioles and venules, when administered topically in rats.