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The specific impact of uremic toxins upon cognitive domains: a review

One of the mechanisms proposed for chronic kidney disease (CKD)-related cognitive impairment is the accumulation of uremic toxins due to the deterioration of the renal clearance function. Cognition can be categorized into five major domains according to its information processing functions: memory,...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Franco, Álvaro de Oliveira, Starosta, Rodrigo Tzovenos, Roriz-Cruz, Matheus
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Sociedade Brasileira de Nefrologia 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6534037/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30095142
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2175-8239-JBN-2018-0033
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author Franco, Álvaro de Oliveira
Starosta, Rodrigo Tzovenos
Roriz-Cruz, Matheus
author_facet Franco, Álvaro de Oliveira
Starosta, Rodrigo Tzovenos
Roriz-Cruz, Matheus
author_sort Franco, Álvaro de Oliveira
collection PubMed
description One of the mechanisms proposed for chronic kidney disease (CKD)-related cognitive impairment is the accumulation of uremic toxins due to the deterioration of the renal clearance function. Cognition can be categorized into five major domains according to its information processing functions: memory, attention, language, visual-spatial, and executive. We performed a review using the terms 'uric acid', 'indoxyl sulfate', 'p-cresyl sulfate', 'homocysteine', 'interleukins' and 'parathyroid hormone'. These are the compounds that were found to be strongly associated with cognitive impairment in CKD in the literature. The 26 selected articles point towards an association between higher levels of uric acid, homocysteine, and interleukin 6 with lower cognitive performance in executive, attentional, and memory domains. We also reviewed the hemodialysis effects on cognition. Hemodialysis seems to contribute to an amelioration of CKD-related encephalopathic dysfunction, although this improvement occurs more in some cognitive domains than in others.
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spelling pubmed-65340372019-06-17 The specific impact of uremic toxins upon cognitive domains: a review Franco, Álvaro de Oliveira Starosta, Rodrigo Tzovenos Roriz-Cruz, Matheus J Bras Nefrol Review Articles One of the mechanisms proposed for chronic kidney disease (CKD)-related cognitive impairment is the accumulation of uremic toxins due to the deterioration of the renal clearance function. Cognition can be categorized into five major domains according to its information processing functions: memory, attention, language, visual-spatial, and executive. We performed a review using the terms 'uric acid', 'indoxyl sulfate', 'p-cresyl sulfate', 'homocysteine', 'interleukins' and 'parathyroid hormone'. These are the compounds that were found to be strongly associated with cognitive impairment in CKD in the literature. The 26 selected articles point towards an association between higher levels of uric acid, homocysteine, and interleukin 6 with lower cognitive performance in executive, attentional, and memory domains. We also reviewed the hemodialysis effects on cognition. Hemodialysis seems to contribute to an amelioration of CKD-related encephalopathic dysfunction, although this improvement occurs more in some cognitive domains than in others. Sociedade Brasileira de Nefrologia 2018-08-09 2019 /pmc/articles/PMC6534037/ /pubmed/30095142 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2175-8239-JBN-2018-0033 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Articles
Franco, Álvaro de Oliveira
Starosta, Rodrigo Tzovenos
Roriz-Cruz, Matheus
The specific impact of uremic toxins upon cognitive domains: a review
title The specific impact of uremic toxins upon cognitive domains: a review
title_full The specific impact of uremic toxins upon cognitive domains: a review
title_fullStr The specific impact of uremic toxins upon cognitive domains: a review
title_full_unstemmed The specific impact of uremic toxins upon cognitive domains: a review
title_short The specific impact of uremic toxins upon cognitive domains: a review
title_sort specific impact of uremic toxins upon cognitive domains: a review
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6534037/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30095142
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2175-8239-JBN-2018-0033
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