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Efficacy of oral fluralaner for the treatment of canine generalized demodicosis: a molecular-level confirmation

BACKGROUND: Canine generalized demodicosis is a common parasitic disease caused by the proliferation of Demodex mites. The introduction of isoxazoline class treatments in veterinary dermatology has resulted in apparently effective treatment of generalized demodicosis. The objective of this study was...

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Autores principales: Djuric, Milos, Milcic Matic, Natalija, Davitkov, Darko, Glavinic, Uros, Davitkov, Dajana, Vejnovic, Branislav, Stanimirovic, Zoran
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6537169/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31138280
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-019-3521-9
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author Djuric, Milos
Milcic Matic, Natalija
Davitkov, Darko
Glavinic, Uros
Davitkov, Dajana
Vejnovic, Branislav
Stanimirovic, Zoran
author_facet Djuric, Milos
Milcic Matic, Natalija
Davitkov, Darko
Glavinic, Uros
Davitkov, Dajana
Vejnovic, Branislav
Stanimirovic, Zoran
author_sort Djuric, Milos
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Canine generalized demodicosis is a common parasitic disease caused by the proliferation of Demodex mites. The introduction of isoxazoline class treatments in veterinary dermatology has resulted in apparently effective treatment of generalized demodicosis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of fluralaner for the treatment of canine generalized demodicosis using real-time PCR for the detection and quantification of Demodex DNA. METHODS: Twenty privately owned dogs with clinical symptoms of generalized demodicosis and deep skin scrapings positive for Demodex canis mites were enrolled in the study. Following diagnosis (day 0) each dog was treated with fluralaner at the recommended commercial dose for tick and flea treatment (25–56 mg/kg) based on body weight. Clinical and mite count assessments, and hair sampling for molecular analyses were performed on days 0, 28, 56, 84 and 112. Demodex DNA was detected and quantified using real-time PCR. RESULTS: A single oral dose of fluralaner reduced Demodex mite counts in skin scrapings by an average of 98.9% in all dogs by day 28. No mites were recovered from skin scrapings from any treated dog by day 56, at which time the dog was considered to be clinically cured, with total hair regrowth. There were significant differences among examined dogs in qPCR cycle threshold (Ct) values on days 0, 28, 56, 84 and 112. Demodex DNA levels decreased (increasing Ct values) throughout the study. Mite DNA was present on day 112, possibly from dead mites, at values significantly lower than in samples taken on days 0, 28 and 56. Based on qPCR testing of diluted samples, the Demodex mite population was reduced by approximately 1000-fold on day 112. CONCLUSIONS: Oral administration of fluralaner at the recommended dose to dogs with generalized demodicosis is highly effective for reducing Demodex mite populations and resolving clinical signs of generalized demodicosis. The presence of mite DNA may indicate that treatment did not kill all Demodex mites.
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spelling pubmed-65371692019-05-30 Efficacy of oral fluralaner for the treatment of canine generalized demodicosis: a molecular-level confirmation Djuric, Milos Milcic Matic, Natalija Davitkov, Darko Glavinic, Uros Davitkov, Dajana Vejnovic, Branislav Stanimirovic, Zoran Parasit Vectors Research BACKGROUND: Canine generalized demodicosis is a common parasitic disease caused by the proliferation of Demodex mites. The introduction of isoxazoline class treatments in veterinary dermatology has resulted in apparently effective treatment of generalized demodicosis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of fluralaner for the treatment of canine generalized demodicosis using real-time PCR for the detection and quantification of Demodex DNA. METHODS: Twenty privately owned dogs with clinical symptoms of generalized demodicosis and deep skin scrapings positive for Demodex canis mites were enrolled in the study. Following diagnosis (day 0) each dog was treated with fluralaner at the recommended commercial dose for tick and flea treatment (25–56 mg/kg) based on body weight. Clinical and mite count assessments, and hair sampling for molecular analyses were performed on days 0, 28, 56, 84 and 112. Demodex DNA was detected and quantified using real-time PCR. RESULTS: A single oral dose of fluralaner reduced Demodex mite counts in skin scrapings by an average of 98.9% in all dogs by day 28. No mites were recovered from skin scrapings from any treated dog by day 56, at which time the dog was considered to be clinically cured, with total hair regrowth. There were significant differences among examined dogs in qPCR cycle threshold (Ct) values on days 0, 28, 56, 84 and 112. Demodex DNA levels decreased (increasing Ct values) throughout the study. Mite DNA was present on day 112, possibly from dead mites, at values significantly lower than in samples taken on days 0, 28 and 56. Based on qPCR testing of diluted samples, the Demodex mite population was reduced by approximately 1000-fold on day 112. CONCLUSIONS: Oral administration of fluralaner at the recommended dose to dogs with generalized demodicosis is highly effective for reducing Demodex mite populations and resolving clinical signs of generalized demodicosis. The presence of mite DNA may indicate that treatment did not kill all Demodex mites. BioMed Central 2019-05-28 /pmc/articles/PMC6537169/ /pubmed/31138280 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-019-3521-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Djuric, Milos
Milcic Matic, Natalija
Davitkov, Darko
Glavinic, Uros
Davitkov, Dajana
Vejnovic, Branislav
Stanimirovic, Zoran
Efficacy of oral fluralaner for the treatment of canine generalized demodicosis: a molecular-level confirmation
title Efficacy of oral fluralaner for the treatment of canine generalized demodicosis: a molecular-level confirmation
title_full Efficacy of oral fluralaner for the treatment of canine generalized demodicosis: a molecular-level confirmation
title_fullStr Efficacy of oral fluralaner for the treatment of canine generalized demodicosis: a molecular-level confirmation
title_full_unstemmed Efficacy of oral fluralaner for the treatment of canine generalized demodicosis: a molecular-level confirmation
title_short Efficacy of oral fluralaner for the treatment of canine generalized demodicosis: a molecular-level confirmation
title_sort efficacy of oral fluralaner for the treatment of canine generalized demodicosis: a molecular-level confirmation
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6537169/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31138280
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-019-3521-9
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