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On Placement, Location and Orientation of Wrist-Worn Tri-Axial Accelerometers during Free-Living Measurements
Wearable accelerometers have recently become a standalone tool for the objective assessment of physical activity (PA). In free-living studies, accelerometers are placed by protocol on a pre-defined body location (e.g., non-dominant wrist). However, the protocol is not always followed, e.g., the sens...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6538999/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31064100 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19092095 |
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author | Straczkiewicz, Marcin Glynn, Nancy W. Harezlak, Jaroslaw |
author_facet | Straczkiewicz, Marcin Glynn, Nancy W. Harezlak, Jaroslaw |
author_sort | Straczkiewicz, Marcin |
collection | PubMed |
description | Wearable accelerometers have recently become a standalone tool for the objective assessment of physical activity (PA). In free-living studies, accelerometers are placed by protocol on a pre-defined body location (e.g., non-dominant wrist). However, the protocol is not always followed, e.g., the sensor can be moved between wrists or reattached in a different orientation. Such protocol violations often result in PA miscalculation. We propose an approach, PLOE (“Placement, Location and Orientation Evaluation method”), to determine the sensor position using statistical features from the raw accelerometer measurements. We compare the estimated position with the study protocol and identify discrepancies. We apply PLOE to the measurements collected from 45 older adults who wore ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers on the left and right wrist for seven days. We found that 15.6% of participants who wore accelerometers violated the protocol for one or more days. The sensors were worn on the wrong hand during 6.9% of the days of simultaneous wearing of devices. During the periods of discrepancies, the daily PA was miscalculated by more than 20%. Our findings show that correct placement of the device has a significant effect on the PA estimates. These results demonstrate a need for the evaluation of sensor position. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6538999 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-65389992019-06-04 On Placement, Location and Orientation of Wrist-Worn Tri-Axial Accelerometers during Free-Living Measurements Straczkiewicz, Marcin Glynn, Nancy W. Harezlak, Jaroslaw Sensors (Basel) Article Wearable accelerometers have recently become a standalone tool for the objective assessment of physical activity (PA). In free-living studies, accelerometers are placed by protocol on a pre-defined body location (e.g., non-dominant wrist). However, the protocol is not always followed, e.g., the sensor can be moved between wrists or reattached in a different orientation. Such protocol violations often result in PA miscalculation. We propose an approach, PLOE (“Placement, Location and Orientation Evaluation method”), to determine the sensor position using statistical features from the raw accelerometer measurements. We compare the estimated position with the study protocol and identify discrepancies. We apply PLOE to the measurements collected from 45 older adults who wore ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers on the left and right wrist for seven days. We found that 15.6% of participants who wore accelerometers violated the protocol for one or more days. The sensors were worn on the wrong hand during 6.9% of the days of simultaneous wearing of devices. During the periods of discrepancies, the daily PA was miscalculated by more than 20%. Our findings show that correct placement of the device has a significant effect on the PA estimates. These results demonstrate a need for the evaluation of sensor position. MDPI 2019-05-06 /pmc/articles/PMC6538999/ /pubmed/31064100 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19092095 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Straczkiewicz, Marcin Glynn, Nancy W. Harezlak, Jaroslaw On Placement, Location and Orientation of Wrist-Worn Tri-Axial Accelerometers during Free-Living Measurements |
title | On Placement, Location and Orientation of Wrist-Worn Tri-Axial Accelerometers during Free-Living Measurements |
title_full | On Placement, Location and Orientation of Wrist-Worn Tri-Axial Accelerometers during Free-Living Measurements |
title_fullStr | On Placement, Location and Orientation of Wrist-Worn Tri-Axial Accelerometers during Free-Living Measurements |
title_full_unstemmed | On Placement, Location and Orientation of Wrist-Worn Tri-Axial Accelerometers during Free-Living Measurements |
title_short | On Placement, Location and Orientation of Wrist-Worn Tri-Axial Accelerometers during Free-Living Measurements |
title_sort | on placement, location and orientation of wrist-worn tri-axial accelerometers during free-living measurements |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6538999/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31064100 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19092095 |
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