Cargando…

Surface Characteristics of Esthetic Nickel–Titanium and Beta-Titanium Orthodontic Archwires Produced by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO)—Primary Results

Background/Aim: There is continuing interest in engineering esthetic labial archwires. The aim of this study was to coat nickel–titanium (NiTi) and beta-titanium (β-Ti), also known as titanium molybdenum (TMA), archwires by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) and to analyze the characteristics of th...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Jung, Ole, Becker, Jean-Philippe, Smeets, Ralf, Gosau, Martin, Becker, Germain, Kahl-Nieke, Bärbel, Jung, Anne-Kathrin, Heiland, Max, Kopp, Alexander, Barbeck, Mike, Koehne, Till
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6539843/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31052150
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12091403
_version_ 1783422484862730240
author Jung, Ole
Becker, Jean-Philippe
Smeets, Ralf
Gosau, Martin
Becker, Germain
Kahl-Nieke, Bärbel
Jung, Anne-Kathrin
Heiland, Max
Kopp, Alexander
Barbeck, Mike
Koehne, Till
author_facet Jung, Ole
Becker, Jean-Philippe
Smeets, Ralf
Gosau, Martin
Becker, Germain
Kahl-Nieke, Bärbel
Jung, Anne-Kathrin
Heiland, Max
Kopp, Alexander
Barbeck, Mike
Koehne, Till
author_sort Jung, Ole
collection PubMed
description Background/Aim: There is continuing interest in engineering esthetic labial archwires. The aim of this study was to coat nickel–titanium (NiTi) and beta-titanium (β-Ti), also known as titanium molybdenum (TMA), archwires by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) and to analyze the characteristics of the PEO-surfaces. Materials and Methods: PEO-coatings were generated on 0.014-inch NiTi and 0.19 × 0.25-inch β-Ti archwires. The surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and stereomicroscopy. Cytocompatibility testing was performed with ceramized and untreated samples according to EN ISO 10993-5 in XTT-, BrdU- and LDH-assays. The direct cell impact was analyzed using LIVE-/DEAD-staining. In addition, the archwires were inserted in an orthodontic model and photographs were taken before and after insertion. Results: The PEO coatings were 15 to 20 µm thick with a whitish appearance. The cytocompatibility analysis revealed good cytocompatibility results for both ceramized NiTi and β-Ti archwires. In the direct cell tests, the ceramized samples showed improved compatibility as compared to those of uncoated samples. However, bending of the archwires resulted in loss of the PEO-surfaces. Nevertheless, it was possible to insert the β-Ti PEO-coated archwire in an orthodontic model without loss of the PEO-ceramic. Conclusion: PEO is a promising technique for the generation of esthetic orthodontic archwires. Since the PEO-coating does not resist bending, its clinical use seems to be limited so far to orthodontic techniques using straight or pre-bent archwires.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6539843
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2019
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-65398432019-06-05 Surface Characteristics of Esthetic Nickel–Titanium and Beta-Titanium Orthodontic Archwires Produced by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO)—Primary Results Jung, Ole Becker, Jean-Philippe Smeets, Ralf Gosau, Martin Becker, Germain Kahl-Nieke, Bärbel Jung, Anne-Kathrin Heiland, Max Kopp, Alexander Barbeck, Mike Koehne, Till Materials (Basel) Article Background/Aim: There is continuing interest in engineering esthetic labial archwires. The aim of this study was to coat nickel–titanium (NiTi) and beta-titanium (β-Ti), also known as titanium molybdenum (TMA), archwires by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) and to analyze the characteristics of the PEO-surfaces. Materials and Methods: PEO-coatings were generated on 0.014-inch NiTi and 0.19 × 0.25-inch β-Ti archwires. The surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and stereomicroscopy. Cytocompatibility testing was performed with ceramized and untreated samples according to EN ISO 10993-5 in XTT-, BrdU- and LDH-assays. The direct cell impact was analyzed using LIVE-/DEAD-staining. In addition, the archwires were inserted in an orthodontic model and photographs were taken before and after insertion. Results: The PEO coatings were 15 to 20 µm thick with a whitish appearance. The cytocompatibility analysis revealed good cytocompatibility results for both ceramized NiTi and β-Ti archwires. In the direct cell tests, the ceramized samples showed improved compatibility as compared to those of uncoated samples. However, bending of the archwires resulted in loss of the PEO-surfaces. Nevertheless, it was possible to insert the β-Ti PEO-coated archwire in an orthodontic model without loss of the PEO-ceramic. Conclusion: PEO is a promising technique for the generation of esthetic orthodontic archwires. Since the PEO-coating does not resist bending, its clinical use seems to be limited so far to orthodontic techniques using straight or pre-bent archwires. MDPI 2019-04-30 /pmc/articles/PMC6539843/ /pubmed/31052150 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12091403 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Jung, Ole
Becker, Jean-Philippe
Smeets, Ralf
Gosau, Martin
Becker, Germain
Kahl-Nieke, Bärbel
Jung, Anne-Kathrin
Heiland, Max
Kopp, Alexander
Barbeck, Mike
Koehne, Till
Surface Characteristics of Esthetic Nickel–Titanium and Beta-Titanium Orthodontic Archwires Produced by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO)—Primary Results
title Surface Characteristics of Esthetic Nickel–Titanium and Beta-Titanium Orthodontic Archwires Produced by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO)—Primary Results
title_full Surface Characteristics of Esthetic Nickel–Titanium and Beta-Titanium Orthodontic Archwires Produced by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO)—Primary Results
title_fullStr Surface Characteristics of Esthetic Nickel–Titanium and Beta-Titanium Orthodontic Archwires Produced by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO)—Primary Results
title_full_unstemmed Surface Characteristics of Esthetic Nickel–Titanium and Beta-Titanium Orthodontic Archwires Produced by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO)—Primary Results
title_short Surface Characteristics of Esthetic Nickel–Titanium and Beta-Titanium Orthodontic Archwires Produced by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO)—Primary Results
title_sort surface characteristics of esthetic nickel–titanium and beta-titanium orthodontic archwires produced by plasma electrolytic oxidation (peo)—primary results
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6539843/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31052150
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12091403
work_keys_str_mv AT jungole surfacecharacteristicsofestheticnickeltitaniumandbetatitaniumorthodonticarchwiresproducedbyplasmaelectrolyticoxidationpeoprimaryresults
AT beckerjeanphilippe surfacecharacteristicsofestheticnickeltitaniumandbetatitaniumorthodonticarchwiresproducedbyplasmaelectrolyticoxidationpeoprimaryresults
AT smeetsralf surfacecharacteristicsofestheticnickeltitaniumandbetatitaniumorthodonticarchwiresproducedbyplasmaelectrolyticoxidationpeoprimaryresults
AT gosaumartin surfacecharacteristicsofestheticnickeltitaniumandbetatitaniumorthodonticarchwiresproducedbyplasmaelectrolyticoxidationpeoprimaryresults
AT beckergermain surfacecharacteristicsofestheticnickeltitaniumandbetatitaniumorthodonticarchwiresproducedbyplasmaelectrolyticoxidationpeoprimaryresults
AT kahlniekebarbel surfacecharacteristicsofestheticnickeltitaniumandbetatitaniumorthodonticarchwiresproducedbyplasmaelectrolyticoxidationpeoprimaryresults
AT jungannekathrin surfacecharacteristicsofestheticnickeltitaniumandbetatitaniumorthodonticarchwiresproducedbyplasmaelectrolyticoxidationpeoprimaryresults
AT heilandmax surfacecharacteristicsofestheticnickeltitaniumandbetatitaniumorthodonticarchwiresproducedbyplasmaelectrolyticoxidationpeoprimaryresults
AT koppalexander surfacecharacteristicsofestheticnickeltitaniumandbetatitaniumorthodonticarchwiresproducedbyplasmaelectrolyticoxidationpeoprimaryresults
AT barbeckmike surfacecharacteristicsofestheticnickeltitaniumandbetatitaniumorthodonticarchwiresproducedbyplasmaelectrolyticoxidationpeoprimaryresults
AT koehnetill surfacecharacteristicsofestheticnickeltitaniumandbetatitaniumorthodonticarchwiresproducedbyplasmaelectrolyticoxidationpeoprimaryresults