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Modelling soil detachment by overland flow for the soil in the Tibet Plateau of China

The overland flow erosion is common and became more serious because of the climate warming inducing more runoff in the Tibet Plateau. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the effects of flow rate, slope gradient, shear stress, stream power, unit stream power and unit energy of water-carrying...

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Autores principales: Li, Mingyi, Hai, Xiao, Hong, Huan, Shao, Yanyan, Peng, Doudou, Xu, Wennian, Yang, Yueshu, Zheng, Yan, Xia, Zhenyao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6542811/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31147592
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44586-5
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author Li, Mingyi
Hai, Xiao
Hong, Huan
Shao, Yanyan
Peng, Doudou
Xu, Wennian
Yang, Yueshu
Zheng, Yan
Xia, Zhenyao
author_facet Li, Mingyi
Hai, Xiao
Hong, Huan
Shao, Yanyan
Peng, Doudou
Xu, Wennian
Yang, Yueshu
Zheng, Yan
Xia, Zhenyao
author_sort Li, Mingyi
collection PubMed
description The overland flow erosion is common and became more serious because of the climate warming inducing more runoff in the Tibet Plateau. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the effects of flow rate, slope gradient, shear stress, stream power, unit stream power and unit energy of water-carrying section on the soil detachment capacity for the soil in the Tibet Plateau of China due to the information is limited. To achieve this aim, laboratory experiments were performed under six flow rates (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 L min(−1)) and six slope gradients (8.74%, 17.63%, 26.79%, 36.40%, 46.63 and 57.73%) by using a slope-adjustable steel hydraulic flume (4 m length, 0.4 m width, 0.2 m depth). The results indicated that soil detachment capacity ranged from 0.173 to 6.325 kg m(−2) s(−1) with 1.972 kg m(−2) s(−1) on average. The soil detachment capacity increased with power function as the flow rate and the slope gradient augmented (R(2) = 0.965, NRMSE = 0.177 and NSE = 0.954). The soil detachment capacity was more influenced by flow rate than by slope gradient in this study. The relation between soil detachment capacity and shear stress, stream power, unit stream power and unit energy of water-carrying section can be described by using the linear function and power function, the power function relationship performed better than the linear function in generally. The stream power exhibits the best performance in describing the soil detachment capacity among shear stress, stream power, unit stream power and unit energy of water-carrying section in this study. The erodibility value in this study was larger than and the critical shear stress was less than those for soil in the eastern China. There has a huge potential for the soil in the Tibet Plateau eroded by the water erosion when enough runoff exiting. More attention should be payed to the water erosion process and mechanism in the Tibet Plateau area in the future.
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spelling pubmed-65428112019-06-07 Modelling soil detachment by overland flow for the soil in the Tibet Plateau of China Li, Mingyi Hai, Xiao Hong, Huan Shao, Yanyan Peng, Doudou Xu, Wennian Yang, Yueshu Zheng, Yan Xia, Zhenyao Sci Rep Article The overland flow erosion is common and became more serious because of the climate warming inducing more runoff in the Tibet Plateau. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the effects of flow rate, slope gradient, shear stress, stream power, unit stream power and unit energy of water-carrying section on the soil detachment capacity for the soil in the Tibet Plateau of China due to the information is limited. To achieve this aim, laboratory experiments were performed under six flow rates (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 L min(−1)) and six slope gradients (8.74%, 17.63%, 26.79%, 36.40%, 46.63 and 57.73%) by using a slope-adjustable steel hydraulic flume (4 m length, 0.4 m width, 0.2 m depth). The results indicated that soil detachment capacity ranged from 0.173 to 6.325 kg m(−2) s(−1) with 1.972 kg m(−2) s(−1) on average. The soil detachment capacity increased with power function as the flow rate and the slope gradient augmented (R(2) = 0.965, NRMSE = 0.177 and NSE = 0.954). The soil detachment capacity was more influenced by flow rate than by slope gradient in this study. The relation between soil detachment capacity and shear stress, stream power, unit stream power and unit energy of water-carrying section can be described by using the linear function and power function, the power function relationship performed better than the linear function in generally. The stream power exhibits the best performance in describing the soil detachment capacity among shear stress, stream power, unit stream power and unit energy of water-carrying section in this study. The erodibility value in this study was larger than and the critical shear stress was less than those for soil in the eastern China. There has a huge potential for the soil in the Tibet Plateau eroded by the water erosion when enough runoff exiting. More attention should be payed to the water erosion process and mechanism in the Tibet Plateau area in the future. Nature Publishing Group UK 2019-05-30 /pmc/articles/PMC6542811/ /pubmed/31147592 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44586-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Li, Mingyi
Hai, Xiao
Hong, Huan
Shao, Yanyan
Peng, Doudou
Xu, Wennian
Yang, Yueshu
Zheng, Yan
Xia, Zhenyao
Modelling soil detachment by overland flow for the soil in the Tibet Plateau of China
title Modelling soil detachment by overland flow for the soil in the Tibet Plateau of China
title_full Modelling soil detachment by overland flow for the soil in the Tibet Plateau of China
title_fullStr Modelling soil detachment by overland flow for the soil in the Tibet Plateau of China
title_full_unstemmed Modelling soil detachment by overland flow for the soil in the Tibet Plateau of China
title_short Modelling soil detachment by overland flow for the soil in the Tibet Plateau of China
title_sort modelling soil detachment by overland flow for the soil in the tibet plateau of china
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6542811/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31147592
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44586-5
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