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The ability of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes to bite through a permethrin-treated net and the consequences for their fitness

Insecticide-treated bed-nets (ITNs) control malaria by keeping mosquitoes from reaching people sleeping under a net and by killing mosquitoes. Most tests of ITNs consider their overall epidemiological outcome without considering the different behaviors underlying their effects. Here we consider one...

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Autores principales: Hauser, Gaël, Thiévent, Kevin, Koella, Jacob C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6544760/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31148587
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44679-1
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author Hauser, Gaël
Thiévent, Kevin
Koella, Jacob C.
author_facet Hauser, Gaël
Thiévent, Kevin
Koella, Jacob C.
author_sort Hauser, Gaël
collection PubMed
description Insecticide-treated bed-nets (ITNs) control malaria by keeping mosquitoes from reaching people sleeping under a net and by killing mosquitoes. Most tests of ITNs consider their overall epidemiological outcome without considering the different behaviors underlying their effects. Here we consider one of these behaviors: that mosquitoes can bite through the net if its user is touching it. We assayed the ability of an insecticide-sensitive strain of the mosquito Anopheles gambiae to bite through a permethrin-treated or an untreated net, and their subsequent survival and fecundity. Despite the irritancy of permethrin, 71% of the mosquitoes took blood through the ITN (vs. 99% through the untreated net). The ITN reduced the time spent biting, the blood-meal size and the fecundity, and it killed about 15% of the mosquitoes within 24 hours of feeding (vs. 5% on the untreated net). However, the mosquito’s survival was much higher than what we found in WHO cone assays, suggesting that the bloodmeal increased the mosquito’s resistance to the insecticide. Thus, our results suggest that the irritancy and the toxicity of ITNs are reduced when mosquitoes contact and feed on their host, which will affect our understanding of the personal and community protection offered by the ITNs.
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spelling pubmed-65447602019-06-09 The ability of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes to bite through a permethrin-treated net and the consequences for their fitness Hauser, Gaël Thiévent, Kevin Koella, Jacob C. Sci Rep Article Insecticide-treated bed-nets (ITNs) control malaria by keeping mosquitoes from reaching people sleeping under a net and by killing mosquitoes. Most tests of ITNs consider their overall epidemiological outcome without considering the different behaviors underlying their effects. Here we consider one of these behaviors: that mosquitoes can bite through the net if its user is touching it. We assayed the ability of an insecticide-sensitive strain of the mosquito Anopheles gambiae to bite through a permethrin-treated or an untreated net, and their subsequent survival and fecundity. Despite the irritancy of permethrin, 71% of the mosquitoes took blood through the ITN (vs. 99% through the untreated net). The ITN reduced the time spent biting, the blood-meal size and the fecundity, and it killed about 15% of the mosquitoes within 24 hours of feeding (vs. 5% on the untreated net). However, the mosquito’s survival was much higher than what we found in WHO cone assays, suggesting that the bloodmeal increased the mosquito’s resistance to the insecticide. Thus, our results suggest that the irritancy and the toxicity of ITNs are reduced when mosquitoes contact and feed on their host, which will affect our understanding of the personal and community protection offered by the ITNs. Nature Publishing Group UK 2019-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC6544760/ /pubmed/31148587 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44679-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Hauser, Gaël
Thiévent, Kevin
Koella, Jacob C.
The ability of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes to bite through a permethrin-treated net and the consequences for their fitness
title The ability of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes to bite through a permethrin-treated net and the consequences for their fitness
title_full The ability of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes to bite through a permethrin-treated net and the consequences for their fitness
title_fullStr The ability of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes to bite through a permethrin-treated net and the consequences for their fitness
title_full_unstemmed The ability of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes to bite through a permethrin-treated net and the consequences for their fitness
title_short The ability of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes to bite through a permethrin-treated net and the consequences for their fitness
title_sort ability of anopheles gambiae mosquitoes to bite through a permethrin-treated net and the consequences for their fitness
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6544760/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31148587
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44679-1
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