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Pulmonary arterial response to Angiostrongylus vasorum in naturally infected dogs: echocardiographic findings in two cases

BACKGROUND: Angiostrongylus vasorum is a nematode living in the pulmonary arteries of canids. Infected dogs develop severe pulmonary lesions which can potentially lead to pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, reports of PH in natural infected dogs are scant. One of the possible causes of the low pre...

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Autores principales: Corda, Andrea, Carta, Silvia, Varcasia, Antonio, Tamponi, Claudia, Evangelisti, Maria Antonietta, Scala, Antonio, Pinna Parpaglia, Maria Luisa
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6549332/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31164175
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-019-3544-2
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author Corda, Andrea
Carta, Silvia
Varcasia, Antonio
Tamponi, Claudia
Evangelisti, Maria Antonietta
Scala, Antonio
Pinna Parpaglia, Maria Luisa
author_facet Corda, Andrea
Carta, Silvia
Varcasia, Antonio
Tamponi, Claudia
Evangelisti, Maria Antonietta
Scala, Antonio
Pinna Parpaglia, Maria Luisa
author_sort Corda, Andrea
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Angiostrongylus vasorum is a nematode living in the pulmonary arteries of canids. Infected dogs develop severe pulmonary lesions which can potentially lead to pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, reports of PH in natural infected dogs are scant. One of the possible causes of the low prevalence of PH in A. vasorum-infected dogs could be the establishment of large diameter intrapulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses (IPAVAs), which attenuate pulmonary vascular resistance, thus reducing the pulmonary arterial pressure. The present report describes the pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) response to A. vasorum natural infection in two dogs, assessed by echocardiography and by the saline contrast echocardiographic test (SCE). RESULTS: Both dogs showed clinical signs of respiratory disease. At presentation, case 1 did not show echocardiographic signs of PH and the SCE test was positive proving the presence of IPAVAs. However, at the follow-up visit, despite A. vasorum infection resolution, the same dog showed PH and the SCE test resulted negative, which ruled out the presence of IPAVAs. Case 2 suffered from severe pulmonary arterial hypertension and right-side congestive heart failure since the day of presentation. Saline contrast echocardiography was negative both at the time of presentation and at the follow-up visit. CONCLUSIONS: In the two cases described above, the PH was not associated with IPAVAs. During A. vasorum infection, IPAVAs recruitment mechanism is able to contrast the rise of PAP until a certain level. It probably represents an initial escape mechanism of PH that, over time, exhausts its compensatory capacities allowing PAP to rise and to be detectable on echocardiography. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-019-3544-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-65493322019-06-06 Pulmonary arterial response to Angiostrongylus vasorum in naturally infected dogs: echocardiographic findings in two cases Corda, Andrea Carta, Silvia Varcasia, Antonio Tamponi, Claudia Evangelisti, Maria Antonietta Scala, Antonio Pinna Parpaglia, Maria Luisa Parasit Vectors Short Report BACKGROUND: Angiostrongylus vasorum is a nematode living in the pulmonary arteries of canids. Infected dogs develop severe pulmonary lesions which can potentially lead to pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, reports of PH in natural infected dogs are scant. One of the possible causes of the low prevalence of PH in A. vasorum-infected dogs could be the establishment of large diameter intrapulmonary arteriovenous anastomoses (IPAVAs), which attenuate pulmonary vascular resistance, thus reducing the pulmonary arterial pressure. The present report describes the pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) response to A. vasorum natural infection in two dogs, assessed by echocardiography and by the saline contrast echocardiographic test (SCE). RESULTS: Both dogs showed clinical signs of respiratory disease. At presentation, case 1 did not show echocardiographic signs of PH and the SCE test was positive proving the presence of IPAVAs. However, at the follow-up visit, despite A. vasorum infection resolution, the same dog showed PH and the SCE test resulted negative, which ruled out the presence of IPAVAs. Case 2 suffered from severe pulmonary arterial hypertension and right-side congestive heart failure since the day of presentation. Saline contrast echocardiography was negative both at the time of presentation and at the follow-up visit. CONCLUSIONS: In the two cases described above, the PH was not associated with IPAVAs. During A. vasorum infection, IPAVAs recruitment mechanism is able to contrast the rise of PAP until a certain level. It probably represents an initial escape mechanism of PH that, over time, exhausts its compensatory capacities allowing PAP to rise and to be detectable on echocardiography. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-019-3544-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2019-06-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6549332/ /pubmed/31164175 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-019-3544-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Short Report
Corda, Andrea
Carta, Silvia
Varcasia, Antonio
Tamponi, Claudia
Evangelisti, Maria Antonietta
Scala, Antonio
Pinna Parpaglia, Maria Luisa
Pulmonary arterial response to Angiostrongylus vasorum in naturally infected dogs: echocardiographic findings in two cases
title Pulmonary arterial response to Angiostrongylus vasorum in naturally infected dogs: echocardiographic findings in two cases
title_full Pulmonary arterial response to Angiostrongylus vasorum in naturally infected dogs: echocardiographic findings in two cases
title_fullStr Pulmonary arterial response to Angiostrongylus vasorum in naturally infected dogs: echocardiographic findings in two cases
title_full_unstemmed Pulmonary arterial response to Angiostrongylus vasorum in naturally infected dogs: echocardiographic findings in two cases
title_short Pulmonary arterial response to Angiostrongylus vasorum in naturally infected dogs: echocardiographic findings in two cases
title_sort pulmonary arterial response to angiostrongylus vasorum in naturally infected dogs: echocardiographic findings in two cases
topic Short Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6549332/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31164175
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-019-3544-2
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