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African KhoeSan ancestry linked to high-risk prostate cancer
BACKGROUNDS: Genetic diversity is greatest within Africa, in particular the KhoeSan click-speaking peoples of southern Africa. South African populations represent admixture fractions including differing degrees of African, African-KhoeSan and non-African genetic ancestries. Within the United States,...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6549381/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31164124 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12920-019-0537-0 |
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author | Petersen, Desiree C. Jaratlerdsiri, Weerachai van Wyk, Abraham Chan, Eva K. F. Fernandez, Pedro Lyons, Ruth J. Mutambirw, Shingai B. A. van der Merwe, Andre Venter, Philip A. Bates, William Bornman, M. S. Riana Hayes, Vanessa M. |
author_facet | Petersen, Desiree C. Jaratlerdsiri, Weerachai van Wyk, Abraham Chan, Eva K. F. Fernandez, Pedro Lyons, Ruth J. Mutambirw, Shingai B. A. van der Merwe, Andre Venter, Philip A. Bates, William Bornman, M. S. Riana Hayes, Vanessa M. |
author_sort | Petersen, Desiree C. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUNDS: Genetic diversity is greatest within Africa, in particular the KhoeSan click-speaking peoples of southern Africa. South African populations represent admixture fractions including differing degrees of African, African-KhoeSan and non-African genetic ancestries. Within the United States, African ancestry has been linked to prostate cancer presentation and mortality. Together with environmental contributions, genetics is a significant risk factor for high-risk prostate cancer, defined by a pathological Gleason score ≥ 8. METHODS: Using genotype array data merged with ancestry informative reference data, we investigate the contribution of African ancestral fractions to high-risk prostate cancer. Our study includes 152 South African men of African (Black) or African-admixed (Coloured) ancestries, in which 40% showed high-risk prostate cancer. RESULTS: Genetic fractions were determined for averaging an equal African to non-African genetic ancestral contribution in the Coloured; we found African ancestry to be linked to high-risk prostate cancer (P-value = 0.0477). Adjusting for age, the associated African ancestral fraction was driven by a significant KhoeSan over Bantu contribution, defined by Gleason score ≥ 8 (P-value = 0.02329) or prostate specific antigen levels ≥20 ng/ml (P-value = 0.03713). Additionally, we observed the mean overall KhoeSan contribution to be increased in Black patients with high-risk (11.8%) over low-risk (10.9%) disease. Linking for the first time KhoeSan ancestry to a common modern disease, namely high-risk prostate cancer, we tested in this small study the validity of using KhoeSan ancestry as a surrogate for identifying potential high-risk prostate cancer risk loci. As such, we identified four loci within chromosomal regions 2p11.2, 3p14, 8q23 and 22q13.2 (P-value = all age-adjusted < 0.01), two of which have previously been associated with high-risk prostate cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that ancient KhoeSan ancestry may be linked to common modern diseases, specifically those of late onset and therefore unlikely to have undergone exclusive selective pressure. As such we show within a uniquely admixed South African population a link between KhoeSan ancestry and high-risk prostate cancer, which may explain the 2-fold increase in presentation in Black South Africans compared with African Americans. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12920-019-0537-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6549381 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-65493812019-06-06 African KhoeSan ancestry linked to high-risk prostate cancer Petersen, Desiree C. Jaratlerdsiri, Weerachai van Wyk, Abraham Chan, Eva K. F. Fernandez, Pedro Lyons, Ruth J. Mutambirw, Shingai B. A. van der Merwe, Andre Venter, Philip A. Bates, William Bornman, M. S. Riana Hayes, Vanessa M. BMC Med Genomics Research Article BACKGROUNDS: Genetic diversity is greatest within Africa, in particular the KhoeSan click-speaking peoples of southern Africa. South African populations represent admixture fractions including differing degrees of African, African-KhoeSan and non-African genetic ancestries. Within the United States, African ancestry has been linked to prostate cancer presentation and mortality. Together with environmental contributions, genetics is a significant risk factor for high-risk prostate cancer, defined by a pathological Gleason score ≥ 8. METHODS: Using genotype array data merged with ancestry informative reference data, we investigate the contribution of African ancestral fractions to high-risk prostate cancer. Our study includes 152 South African men of African (Black) or African-admixed (Coloured) ancestries, in which 40% showed high-risk prostate cancer. RESULTS: Genetic fractions were determined for averaging an equal African to non-African genetic ancestral contribution in the Coloured; we found African ancestry to be linked to high-risk prostate cancer (P-value = 0.0477). Adjusting for age, the associated African ancestral fraction was driven by a significant KhoeSan over Bantu contribution, defined by Gleason score ≥ 8 (P-value = 0.02329) or prostate specific antigen levels ≥20 ng/ml (P-value = 0.03713). Additionally, we observed the mean overall KhoeSan contribution to be increased in Black patients with high-risk (11.8%) over low-risk (10.9%) disease. Linking for the first time KhoeSan ancestry to a common modern disease, namely high-risk prostate cancer, we tested in this small study the validity of using KhoeSan ancestry as a surrogate for identifying potential high-risk prostate cancer risk loci. As such, we identified four loci within chromosomal regions 2p11.2, 3p14, 8q23 and 22q13.2 (P-value = all age-adjusted < 0.01), two of which have previously been associated with high-risk prostate cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that ancient KhoeSan ancestry may be linked to common modern diseases, specifically those of late onset and therefore unlikely to have undergone exclusive selective pressure. As such we show within a uniquely admixed South African population a link between KhoeSan ancestry and high-risk prostate cancer, which may explain the 2-fold increase in presentation in Black South Africans compared with African Americans. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12920-019-0537-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2019-06-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6549381/ /pubmed/31164124 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12920-019-0537-0 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Petersen, Desiree C. Jaratlerdsiri, Weerachai van Wyk, Abraham Chan, Eva K. F. Fernandez, Pedro Lyons, Ruth J. Mutambirw, Shingai B. A. van der Merwe, Andre Venter, Philip A. Bates, William Bornman, M. S. Riana Hayes, Vanessa M. African KhoeSan ancestry linked to high-risk prostate cancer |
title | African KhoeSan ancestry linked to high-risk prostate cancer |
title_full | African KhoeSan ancestry linked to high-risk prostate cancer |
title_fullStr | African KhoeSan ancestry linked to high-risk prostate cancer |
title_full_unstemmed | African KhoeSan ancestry linked to high-risk prostate cancer |
title_short | African KhoeSan ancestry linked to high-risk prostate cancer |
title_sort | african khoesan ancestry linked to high-risk prostate cancer |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6549381/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31164124 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12920-019-0537-0 |
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