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Food for thought: how nutrition impacts cognition and emotion
More than one-third of American adults are obese and statistics are similar worldwide. Caloric intake and diet composition have large and lasting effects on cognition and emotion, especially during critical periods in development, but the neural mechanisms for these effects are not well understood....
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6550267/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31304249 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41538-017-0008-y |
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author | Spencer, Sarah J. Korosi, Aniko Layé, Sophie Shukitt-Hale, Barbara Barrientos, Ruth M. |
author_facet | Spencer, Sarah J. Korosi, Aniko Layé, Sophie Shukitt-Hale, Barbara Barrientos, Ruth M. |
author_sort | Spencer, Sarah J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | More than one-third of American adults are obese and statistics are similar worldwide. Caloric intake and diet composition have large and lasting effects on cognition and emotion, especially during critical periods in development, but the neural mechanisms for these effects are not well understood. A clear understanding of the cognitive–emotional processes underpinning desires to over-consume foods can assist more effective prevention and treatments of obesity. This review addresses recent work linking dietary fat intake and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid dietary imbalance with inflammation in developing, adult, and aged brains. Thus, early-life diet and exposure to stress can lead to cognitive dysfunction throughout life and there is potential for early nutritional interventions (e.g., with essential micronutrients) for preventing these deficits. Likewise, acute consumption of a high-fat diet primes the hippocampus to produce a potentiated neuroinflammatory response to a mild immune challenge, causing memory deficits. Low dietary intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids can also contribute to depression through its effects on endocannabinoid and inflammatory pathways in specific brain regions leading to synaptic phagocytosis by microglia in the hippocampus, contributing to memory loss. However, encouragingly, consumption of fruits and vegetables high in polyphenolics can prevent and even reverse age-related cognitive deficits by lowering oxidative stress and inflammation. Understanding relationships between diet, cognition, and emotion is necessary to uncover mechanisms involved in and strategies to prevent or attenuate comorbid neurological conditions in obese individuals. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6550267 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-65502672019-07-12 Food for thought: how nutrition impacts cognition and emotion Spencer, Sarah J. Korosi, Aniko Layé, Sophie Shukitt-Hale, Barbara Barrientos, Ruth M. NPJ Sci Food Review Article More than one-third of American adults are obese and statistics are similar worldwide. Caloric intake and diet composition have large and lasting effects on cognition and emotion, especially during critical periods in development, but the neural mechanisms for these effects are not well understood. A clear understanding of the cognitive–emotional processes underpinning desires to over-consume foods can assist more effective prevention and treatments of obesity. This review addresses recent work linking dietary fat intake and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid dietary imbalance with inflammation in developing, adult, and aged brains. Thus, early-life diet and exposure to stress can lead to cognitive dysfunction throughout life and there is potential for early nutritional interventions (e.g., with essential micronutrients) for preventing these deficits. Likewise, acute consumption of a high-fat diet primes the hippocampus to produce a potentiated neuroinflammatory response to a mild immune challenge, causing memory deficits. Low dietary intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids can also contribute to depression through its effects on endocannabinoid and inflammatory pathways in specific brain regions leading to synaptic phagocytosis by microglia in the hippocampus, contributing to memory loss. However, encouragingly, consumption of fruits and vegetables high in polyphenolics can prevent and even reverse age-related cognitive deficits by lowering oxidative stress and inflammation. Understanding relationships between diet, cognition, and emotion is necessary to uncover mechanisms involved in and strategies to prevent or attenuate comorbid neurological conditions in obese individuals. Nature Publishing Group UK 2017-12-06 /pmc/articles/PMC6550267/ /pubmed/31304249 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41538-017-0008-y Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Spencer, Sarah J. Korosi, Aniko Layé, Sophie Shukitt-Hale, Barbara Barrientos, Ruth M. Food for thought: how nutrition impacts cognition and emotion |
title | Food for thought: how nutrition impacts cognition and emotion |
title_full | Food for thought: how nutrition impacts cognition and emotion |
title_fullStr | Food for thought: how nutrition impacts cognition and emotion |
title_full_unstemmed | Food for thought: how nutrition impacts cognition and emotion |
title_short | Food for thought: how nutrition impacts cognition and emotion |
title_sort | food for thought: how nutrition impacts cognition and emotion |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6550267/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31304249 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41538-017-0008-y |
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