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Analysis of Patents Issued in China for Antihyperglycemic Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is prevalent, with a dramatic increase in recent years. Moreover, its microvascular and macrovascular complications cause significant societal issues. The demand for new and effective antidiabetic therapies grows with each passing day and motivates organizations and i...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6556973/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31214029 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2019.00586 |
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author | Zhu, Wei Huang, Wen Xu, Zhiqiang Cao, Mengda Hu, Qiaoli Pan, Chen Guo, Miao Wei, Ji-Fu Yuan, Hongyu |
author_facet | Zhu, Wei Huang, Wen Xu, Zhiqiang Cao, Mengda Hu, Qiaoli Pan, Chen Guo, Miao Wei, Ji-Fu Yuan, Hongyu |
author_sort | Zhu, Wei |
collection | PubMed |
description | Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is prevalent, with a dramatic increase in recent years. Moreover, its microvascular and macrovascular complications cause significant societal issues. The demand for new and effective antidiabetic therapies grows with each passing day and motivates organizations and individuals to pay more attention to such products. In this article, we focused on oral antihyperglycemic drugs patented in China and introduced them according to their antihyperglycemic mechanisms. By searching the website of State Intellectual Property Office of the People’s Republic of China (http://www.sipo.gov.cn), 2,500 antihyperglycemic patents for T2DM were identified and analyzed. These consisted of 4 patents for derivatives of herbal extracts (0.2%), 162 patents for herbal extracts (6.5%), 61 compositions for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) (2.4%), 2,263 patents for synthetic compounds (90.5%), and 10 (0.4%) patents of the combination of synthetic compounds and TCM. As the most common drugs for diabetes mellitus, synthetic compounds can also be classified into several categories according to their working mechanisms, such as insulin secretion promotor agents, insulin sensitizer agents, α-glucosidase inhibitors, and so forth. This article discussed the chemical structure, potential antihyperglycemic mechanism of these antihyperglycemic drugs in patents in China. Expert opinion: Insulin sensitivity and β-cell function could be improved by weight loss to prevent prediabetes into T2DM. However, 40–50% patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) still progress to T2DM, even after successful long-term weight loss. Antihyperglycemic remedies provide a treatment option to improve insulin sensitivity and maintain β-cell function. Combination therapy is the best treatment for diabetes. Combination therapy can reduce the dosage of each single drug option, and avoid the side effects. Drugs with different mechanisms are complementary, and are better adapted to patients with changing conditions. Classical combination therapies include combinations such as sulfonylureas plus biguanides or glucosidase inhibitors, biguanide plus glucosidase inhibitors or insulin sensitizers, insulin treatment plus biguanides or glucosidase inhibitors. The general principle of combination therapy is that two drugs with different mechanisms are selected jointly, and the combination of three types of hypoglycemic drugs is not recommended. After reading a large amount of literature, we have rarely found a case of three oral hypoglycemic agents, which may mean that the combination of three oral hypoglycemic agents is unnecessary and has unpredictable risks. There is no objection to the idea of multi-drug therapy. But multiple drugs can only be used when it shows a significant benefit to the patients. Combined use of multiple antidiabetic drugs poses a risk to patients due to drug interactions and overtreatment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6556973 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-65569732019-06-18 Analysis of Patents Issued in China for Antihyperglycemic Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Zhu, Wei Huang, Wen Xu, Zhiqiang Cao, Mengda Hu, Qiaoli Pan, Chen Guo, Miao Wei, Ji-Fu Yuan, Hongyu Front Pharmacol Pharmacology Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is prevalent, with a dramatic increase in recent years. Moreover, its microvascular and macrovascular complications cause significant societal issues. The demand for new and effective antidiabetic therapies grows with each passing day and motivates organizations and individuals to pay more attention to such products. In this article, we focused on oral antihyperglycemic drugs patented in China and introduced them according to their antihyperglycemic mechanisms. By searching the website of State Intellectual Property Office of the People’s Republic of China (http://www.sipo.gov.cn), 2,500 antihyperglycemic patents for T2DM were identified and analyzed. These consisted of 4 patents for derivatives of herbal extracts (0.2%), 162 patents for herbal extracts (6.5%), 61 compositions for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) (2.4%), 2,263 patents for synthetic compounds (90.5%), and 10 (0.4%) patents of the combination of synthetic compounds and TCM. As the most common drugs for diabetes mellitus, synthetic compounds can also be classified into several categories according to their working mechanisms, such as insulin secretion promotor agents, insulin sensitizer agents, α-glucosidase inhibitors, and so forth. This article discussed the chemical structure, potential antihyperglycemic mechanism of these antihyperglycemic drugs in patents in China. Expert opinion: Insulin sensitivity and β-cell function could be improved by weight loss to prevent prediabetes into T2DM. However, 40–50% patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) still progress to T2DM, even after successful long-term weight loss. Antihyperglycemic remedies provide a treatment option to improve insulin sensitivity and maintain β-cell function. Combination therapy is the best treatment for diabetes. Combination therapy can reduce the dosage of each single drug option, and avoid the side effects. Drugs with different mechanisms are complementary, and are better adapted to patients with changing conditions. Classical combination therapies include combinations such as sulfonylureas plus biguanides or glucosidase inhibitors, biguanide plus glucosidase inhibitors or insulin sensitizers, insulin treatment plus biguanides or glucosidase inhibitors. The general principle of combination therapy is that two drugs with different mechanisms are selected jointly, and the combination of three types of hypoglycemic drugs is not recommended. After reading a large amount of literature, we have rarely found a case of three oral hypoglycemic agents, which may mean that the combination of three oral hypoglycemic agents is unnecessary and has unpredictable risks. There is no objection to the idea of multi-drug therapy. But multiple drugs can only be used when it shows a significant benefit to the patients. Combined use of multiple antidiabetic drugs poses a risk to patients due to drug interactions and overtreatment. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-05-21 /pmc/articles/PMC6556973/ /pubmed/31214029 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2019.00586 Text en Copyright © 2019 Zhu, Huang, Xu, Cao, Hu, Pan, Guo, Wei and Yuan http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Pharmacology Zhu, Wei Huang, Wen Xu, Zhiqiang Cao, Mengda Hu, Qiaoli Pan, Chen Guo, Miao Wei, Ji-Fu Yuan, Hongyu Analysis of Patents Issued in China for Antihyperglycemic Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
title | Analysis of Patents Issued in China for Antihyperglycemic Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
title_full | Analysis of Patents Issued in China for Antihyperglycemic Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
title_fullStr | Analysis of Patents Issued in China for Antihyperglycemic Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Patents Issued in China for Antihyperglycemic Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
title_short | Analysis of Patents Issued in China for Antihyperglycemic Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
title_sort | analysis of patents issued in china for antihyperglycemic therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus |
topic | Pharmacology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6556973/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31214029 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2019.00586 |
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