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Contextual Interference Effect Is Independent of Retroactive Inhibition but Variable Practice Is Not Always Beneficial
Positive effects of variable practice conditions on subsequent motor memory consolidation and generalization are widely accepted and described as the contextual interference effect (CIE). However, the general benefits of CIE are low and these benefits might even depend on decreased retest performanc...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6557302/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31213998 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2019.00165 |
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author | Thürer, Benjamin Gedemer, Sarah Focke, Anne Stein, Thorsten |
author_facet | Thürer, Benjamin Gedemer, Sarah Focke, Anne Stein, Thorsten |
author_sort | Thürer, Benjamin |
collection | PubMed |
description | Positive effects of variable practice conditions on subsequent motor memory consolidation and generalization are widely accepted and described as the contextual interference effect (CIE). However, the general benefits of CIE are low and these benefits might even depend on decreased retest performances in the blocked-practicing control group, caused by retroactive inhibition. The aim of this study was to investigate if CIE represents a true learning phenomenon or possibly reflects confounding effects of retroactive inhibition. We tested 48 healthy human participants adapting their reaching movements to three different force field magnitudes. Subjects practiced the force fields in either a Blocked (B), Random (R), or Constant (C) schedule. In addition, subjects of the Blocked group performed either a retest schedule that did (Blocked-Matched; BM) or did not (Blocked-Unmatched; BU) control for retroactive inhibition. Results showed that retroactive inhibition did not affect the results of the BU group much and that the Random group showed a better consolidation performance compared to both Blocked groups. However, compared to the Constant group, the Random group showed only slight benefits in its memory consolidation of the mean performance across all force field magnitudes and no benefits in absolute performance values. This indicates that CIE reflects a true motor learning phenomenon, which is independent of retroactive inhibition. However, random practice is not always beneficial over constant practice. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6557302 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-65573022019-06-18 Contextual Interference Effect Is Independent of Retroactive Inhibition but Variable Practice Is Not Always Beneficial Thürer, Benjamin Gedemer, Sarah Focke, Anne Stein, Thorsten Front Hum Neurosci Neuroscience Positive effects of variable practice conditions on subsequent motor memory consolidation and generalization are widely accepted and described as the contextual interference effect (CIE). However, the general benefits of CIE are low and these benefits might even depend on decreased retest performances in the blocked-practicing control group, caused by retroactive inhibition. The aim of this study was to investigate if CIE represents a true learning phenomenon or possibly reflects confounding effects of retroactive inhibition. We tested 48 healthy human participants adapting their reaching movements to three different force field magnitudes. Subjects practiced the force fields in either a Blocked (B), Random (R), or Constant (C) schedule. In addition, subjects of the Blocked group performed either a retest schedule that did (Blocked-Matched; BM) or did not (Blocked-Unmatched; BU) control for retroactive inhibition. Results showed that retroactive inhibition did not affect the results of the BU group much and that the Random group showed a better consolidation performance compared to both Blocked groups. However, compared to the Constant group, the Random group showed only slight benefits in its memory consolidation of the mean performance across all force field magnitudes and no benefits in absolute performance values. This indicates that CIE reflects a true motor learning phenomenon, which is independent of retroactive inhibition. However, random practice is not always beneficial over constant practice. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC6557302/ /pubmed/31213998 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2019.00165 Text en Copyright © 2019 Thürer, Gedemer, Focke and Stein. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Thürer, Benjamin Gedemer, Sarah Focke, Anne Stein, Thorsten Contextual Interference Effect Is Independent of Retroactive Inhibition but Variable Practice Is Not Always Beneficial |
title | Contextual Interference Effect Is Independent of Retroactive Inhibition but Variable Practice Is Not Always Beneficial |
title_full | Contextual Interference Effect Is Independent of Retroactive Inhibition but Variable Practice Is Not Always Beneficial |
title_fullStr | Contextual Interference Effect Is Independent of Retroactive Inhibition but Variable Practice Is Not Always Beneficial |
title_full_unstemmed | Contextual Interference Effect Is Independent of Retroactive Inhibition but Variable Practice Is Not Always Beneficial |
title_short | Contextual Interference Effect Is Independent of Retroactive Inhibition but Variable Practice Is Not Always Beneficial |
title_sort | contextual interference effect is independent of retroactive inhibition but variable practice is not always beneficial |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6557302/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31213998 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2019.00165 |
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