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Systems Biology Approach Pinpoints Minimum Requirements for Auxin Distribution during Fruit Opening

The phytohormone auxin is implied in steering various developmental decisions during plant morphogenesis in a concentration-dependent manner. Auxin maxima have been shown to maintain meristematic activity, for example, of the root apical meristem, and position new sites of outgrowth, such as during...

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Autores principales: Li, Xin-Ran, Vroomans, Renske M.A., Fox, Samantha, Grieneisen, Verônica A., Østergaard, Lars, Marée, Athanasius F.M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6557309/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31128274
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2019.05.003
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author Li, Xin-Ran
Vroomans, Renske M.A.
Fox, Samantha
Grieneisen, Verônica A.
Østergaard, Lars
Marée, Athanasius F.M.
author_facet Li, Xin-Ran
Vroomans, Renske M.A.
Fox, Samantha
Grieneisen, Verônica A.
Østergaard, Lars
Marée, Athanasius F.M.
author_sort Li, Xin-Ran
collection PubMed
description The phytohormone auxin is implied in steering various developmental decisions during plant morphogenesis in a concentration-dependent manner. Auxin maxima have been shown to maintain meristematic activity, for example, of the root apical meristem, and position new sites of outgrowth, such as during lateral root initiation and phyllotaxis. More recently, it has been demonstrated that sites of auxin minima also provide positional information. In the developing Arabidopsis fruit, auxin minima are required for correct differentiation of the valve margin. It remains unclear, however, how this auxin minimum is generated and maintained. Here, we employ a systems biology approach to model auxin transport based on experimental observations. This allows us to determine the minimal requirements for its establishment. Our simulations reveal that two alternative processes—which we coin “flux-barrier” and “flux-passage”—are both able to generate an auxin minimum, but under different parameter settings. Both models are in principle able to yield similar auxin profiles but present qualitatively distinct patterns of auxin flux. The models were tested by tissue-specific inducible ablation, revealing that the auxin minimum in the fruit is most likely generated by a flux-passage process. Model predictions were further supported through 3D PIN localization imaging and implementing experimentally observed transporter localization. Through such an experimental–modeling cycle, we predict how the auxin minimum gradually matures during fruit development to ensure timely fruit opening and seed dispersal.
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spelling pubmed-65573092019-06-13 Systems Biology Approach Pinpoints Minimum Requirements for Auxin Distribution during Fruit Opening Li, Xin-Ran Vroomans, Renske M.A. Fox, Samantha Grieneisen, Verônica A. Østergaard, Lars Marée, Athanasius F.M. Mol Plant Article The phytohormone auxin is implied in steering various developmental decisions during plant morphogenesis in a concentration-dependent manner. Auxin maxima have been shown to maintain meristematic activity, for example, of the root apical meristem, and position new sites of outgrowth, such as during lateral root initiation and phyllotaxis. More recently, it has been demonstrated that sites of auxin minima also provide positional information. In the developing Arabidopsis fruit, auxin minima are required for correct differentiation of the valve margin. It remains unclear, however, how this auxin minimum is generated and maintained. Here, we employ a systems biology approach to model auxin transport based on experimental observations. This allows us to determine the minimal requirements for its establishment. Our simulations reveal that two alternative processes—which we coin “flux-barrier” and “flux-passage”—are both able to generate an auxin minimum, but under different parameter settings. Both models are in principle able to yield similar auxin profiles but present qualitatively distinct patterns of auxin flux. The models were tested by tissue-specific inducible ablation, revealing that the auxin minimum in the fruit is most likely generated by a flux-passage process. Model predictions were further supported through 3D PIN localization imaging and implementing experimentally observed transporter localization. Through such an experimental–modeling cycle, we predict how the auxin minimum gradually matures during fruit development to ensure timely fruit opening and seed dispersal. Oxford University Press 2019-06-03 /pmc/articles/PMC6557309/ /pubmed/31128274 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2019.05.003 Text en © 2019 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Li, Xin-Ran
Vroomans, Renske M.A.
Fox, Samantha
Grieneisen, Verônica A.
Østergaard, Lars
Marée, Athanasius F.M.
Systems Biology Approach Pinpoints Minimum Requirements for Auxin Distribution during Fruit Opening
title Systems Biology Approach Pinpoints Minimum Requirements for Auxin Distribution during Fruit Opening
title_full Systems Biology Approach Pinpoints Minimum Requirements for Auxin Distribution during Fruit Opening
title_fullStr Systems Biology Approach Pinpoints Minimum Requirements for Auxin Distribution during Fruit Opening
title_full_unstemmed Systems Biology Approach Pinpoints Minimum Requirements for Auxin Distribution during Fruit Opening
title_short Systems Biology Approach Pinpoints Minimum Requirements for Auxin Distribution during Fruit Opening
title_sort systems biology approach pinpoints minimum requirements for auxin distribution during fruit opening
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6557309/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31128274
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2019.05.003
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