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Intimate partner violence and subsequent premature termination of exclusive breastfeeding: A cohort study
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine whether exposure to Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is associated with premature termination of Exclusive Breastfeeding (EB). Per WHO recommendations, this was defined as ceasing breastfeeding or supplementing with other foods or liquids before t...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6557484/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31181090 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217479 |
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author | Kjerulff Madsen, Frederikke Holm-Larsen, Christina Elise Wu, Chunsen Rogathi, Jane Manongi, Rachel Mushi, Declare Meyrowitsch, Dan Wolf Gammeltoft, Tine Sigalla, Geofrey Nimrody Rasch, Vibeke |
author_facet | Kjerulff Madsen, Frederikke Holm-Larsen, Christina Elise Wu, Chunsen Rogathi, Jane Manongi, Rachel Mushi, Declare Meyrowitsch, Dan Wolf Gammeltoft, Tine Sigalla, Geofrey Nimrody Rasch, Vibeke |
author_sort | Kjerulff Madsen, Frederikke |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine whether exposure to Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is associated with premature termination of Exclusive Breastfeeding (EB). Per WHO recommendations, this was defined as ceasing breastfeeding or supplementing with other foods or liquids before the child was 6 months old. METHOD: It is a prospective cohort study set in Moshi, Tanzania consisting of 1128 pregnant women with live singleton births. Women were enrolled during pregnancy and followed up with interviews during pregnancy, after birth and 2–3 years postpartum, using structured questionnaires. Emotional, physical and sexual IPV exerted by the current partner was assessed at 34 weeks gestational age with WHO questionnaires. Months of EB was assessed 2–3 years postpartum. Premature termination of EB was defined as less than 6 months of EB. Analyses were made using a logistic regression model adjusted for maternal age, education, HIV-status, alcohol use during pregnancy and parity. Confounding variables were determined using a theoretical framework approach, i.e. a Directed Acyclic Graph model to minimize bias. RESULTS: Women who were exposed to IPV had more than 50% higher odds of terminating EB before the child was 6 months old compared to women who were not exposed (aOR = 1.62, 95%CI: 1.27–2.06). Women exposed to all three types of IPV had twice the odds of early termination of EB (aOR = 1.95, 1.12; 3.37). Furthermore, the odds were tripled if exposure happened specifically during the index pregnancy (aOR = 2.93 95%CI: 1.3; 6.6). Stratified analyses showed the most severely affected groups were the mothers older than 30 and those who gave birth to girls. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that exposure to IPV is associated with increased risk of premature termination of EB. The odds increase with multiple types of the IPV, especially when exposed during the index pregnancy. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6557484 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-65574842019-06-17 Intimate partner violence and subsequent premature termination of exclusive breastfeeding: A cohort study Kjerulff Madsen, Frederikke Holm-Larsen, Christina Elise Wu, Chunsen Rogathi, Jane Manongi, Rachel Mushi, Declare Meyrowitsch, Dan Wolf Gammeltoft, Tine Sigalla, Geofrey Nimrody Rasch, Vibeke PLoS One Research Article OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine whether exposure to Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is associated with premature termination of Exclusive Breastfeeding (EB). Per WHO recommendations, this was defined as ceasing breastfeeding or supplementing with other foods or liquids before the child was 6 months old. METHOD: It is a prospective cohort study set in Moshi, Tanzania consisting of 1128 pregnant women with live singleton births. Women were enrolled during pregnancy and followed up with interviews during pregnancy, after birth and 2–3 years postpartum, using structured questionnaires. Emotional, physical and sexual IPV exerted by the current partner was assessed at 34 weeks gestational age with WHO questionnaires. Months of EB was assessed 2–3 years postpartum. Premature termination of EB was defined as less than 6 months of EB. Analyses were made using a logistic regression model adjusted for maternal age, education, HIV-status, alcohol use during pregnancy and parity. Confounding variables were determined using a theoretical framework approach, i.e. a Directed Acyclic Graph model to minimize bias. RESULTS: Women who were exposed to IPV had more than 50% higher odds of terminating EB before the child was 6 months old compared to women who were not exposed (aOR = 1.62, 95%CI: 1.27–2.06). Women exposed to all three types of IPV had twice the odds of early termination of EB (aOR = 1.95, 1.12; 3.37). Furthermore, the odds were tripled if exposure happened specifically during the index pregnancy (aOR = 2.93 95%CI: 1.3; 6.6). Stratified analyses showed the most severely affected groups were the mothers older than 30 and those who gave birth to girls. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that exposure to IPV is associated with increased risk of premature termination of EB. The odds increase with multiple types of the IPV, especially when exposed during the index pregnancy. Public Library of Science 2019-06-10 /pmc/articles/PMC6557484/ /pubmed/31181090 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217479 Text en © 2019 Kjerulff Madsen et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Kjerulff Madsen, Frederikke Holm-Larsen, Christina Elise Wu, Chunsen Rogathi, Jane Manongi, Rachel Mushi, Declare Meyrowitsch, Dan Wolf Gammeltoft, Tine Sigalla, Geofrey Nimrody Rasch, Vibeke Intimate partner violence and subsequent premature termination of exclusive breastfeeding: A cohort study |
title | Intimate partner violence and subsequent premature termination of exclusive breastfeeding: A cohort study |
title_full | Intimate partner violence and subsequent premature termination of exclusive breastfeeding: A cohort study |
title_fullStr | Intimate partner violence and subsequent premature termination of exclusive breastfeeding: A cohort study |
title_full_unstemmed | Intimate partner violence and subsequent premature termination of exclusive breastfeeding: A cohort study |
title_short | Intimate partner violence and subsequent premature termination of exclusive breastfeeding: A cohort study |
title_sort | intimate partner violence and subsequent premature termination of exclusive breastfeeding: a cohort study |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6557484/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31181090 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217479 |
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